A novel strategy for developing α + β dual-phase titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus and high yield strength

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.018

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, a novel strategy for developing α + β dual-phase titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus and high yield strength was proposed, and a Ti-15Nb-5Zr-4Sn-1Fe alloy was developed through theoretical composition design and microstructure manipulation. After hot-rolling and subsequent annealing, a high volume fraction of ultrafine grained α phase embedded in metastable β-matrix was formed in the microstructure as intended. Consequently, this alloy exhibits both low Young’s modulus (61 GPa) and high yield strength (912 MPa). The experimental results prove that the proposed strategy is appropriate for developing titanium alloys with superior yield strength-to-modulus ratio than those of conventional metallic biomedical materials. Present study might shed light on the research and development of advanced biomedical titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus and high yield strength.

Key words: Titanium alloy, α + β dual-phase, Alloy design, Phase stability, Young’s modulus

Yu Fu, Wenlong Xiao, Junshuai Wang, Lei Ren, Xinqing Zhao, Chaoli Ma. A novel strategy for developing α + β dual-phase titanium alloys with low Young’s modulus and high yield strength[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 76: 122-128.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1. Schematic evolution of Young’s modulus of the Ti alloys adopted from Ref. [14].

Fig. 2. Schematic variation of Young’s modulus and yield strength of the α strengthened α + β dual-phase Ti alloys as a function of the volume fraction of α phase based on Eqs. (3) and (4), respectively.

Fig. 3. Schematic illustration of the proposed alloy design strategy. The positions of the Ti-15541 alloy are highlighted.

Fig. 4. (a) Optical micrography, (b) XRD pattern, (c) BF-TEM image and SAED pattern (inset) recorded from the yellow circled area and (d) DF-TEM image and SAED pattern (inset) of the ω phase of the ST alloy.

Fig. 5. Microstructure of the RA alloy: (a) secondary electron SEM image, (b) and (c) BF-TEM image and corresponding SAED pattern, respectively and (d) SAED pattern of the yellow circled area highlighted in (b).

Fig. 6. STEM-high angle annular dark field (HAADF) image of the RA specimen (a) and EDS elemental maps of Nb (b), Zr (c), Sn (d) and Fe (e).

Table 1 Average elemental redistribution between α and β of the RA specimen based on EDS analysis (wt.%).

Phase	Nb	Zr	Sn	Fe	Ti
α phase	10.78	5.02	4.69	0.72	Bal.
β phase	21.28	5.67	4.33	1.64	Bal.

Fig. 7. Mechanical properties of the alloys: (a) tensile stress-strain curves with inset table listing the mechanical properties, where El. and UTS stand for total tensile elongation and ultimate tensile strength, respectively and (b) enlarged tensile stress-strain curves showing the elastic regimes.

Fig. 8. The Young’s modulus (a) and YS/E ratio (b) of the Ti-15541 alloy versus other typical biomedical alloys [1,6,7].

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