Encapsulation of hollow Cu2O nanocubes with Co3O4 on porous carbon for energy-storage devices

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.02.014

Abstract

Abstract:

Co₃O₄ is one of the most studied transition-metal oxides for use in energy-storage devices. However, its poor conductivity and stability limit its application. In this study, a facile method for anchoring Co₃O₄-encapsulated Cu₂O nanocubes on porous carbon (PC) to form Cu₂O@Co₃O₄/PC was developed. The Cu₂O@Co₃O₄/PC composite exhibited superior electrochemical performance as a supercapacitor electrode material. The resultant supercapacitor delivered high specific capacitance (1096 F g^-1 at 1 A g^-1), high rate capability (83 % retention at 10 A g^-1), and excellent cycling stability (95 % retention of initial capacitance after 3000 cycles). Moreover, an asymmetric supercapacitor fabricated by coupling a Cu₂O@Co₃O₄/PC positive electrode with a reduced graphene oxide negative electrode exhibited high energy density (32.1 W h kg^-1 at 700 W kg^-1). Thus, our results demonstrate that Cu₂O@Co₃O₄/PC is a promising electrode material for energy-storage devices.

Key words: Cu₂O, Co₃O₄, Hollow nanocube, Graphene, Composite

Yongjin Zou, Xi Zhang, Jing Liang, Cuili Xiang, Hailiang Chu, Huanzhi Zhang, Fen Xu, Lixian Sun. Encapsulation of hollow Cu₂O nanocubes with Co₃O₄ on porous carbon for energy-storage devices[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 55: 182-189.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1. Schematic showing of the formation of Cu2O@Co3O4/PC.

Fig. 2. (a, b) SEM images of Cu2O@Co3O4/PC and (c) its apparent particle size distribution.

Fig. 3. (a-c) TEM images of Cu2O@Co3O4/PC at different magnifications. (d) HADDF-STEM image of Cu2O@Co3O4/PC. EDX mappings for (e) Cu/Co, (f) Cu, (g) Co, (h) O, and (i) C.

Fig. 4. (a) XRD patterns and (b) Raman shifts of Cu2O@Co3O4/PC and PC.

Fig. 5. High-resolution (a) C1s, (b) Co2p, (c) Cu2p, and (d) Full XPS spectra for Cu2O@Co3O4/PC.

Fig. 6. (a) N2 absorption-desorption isotherms and (b) pore-diameter distributions for Cu2O@Co3O4/PC, PC, and GO.

Fig. 7. (a) GCD curves for Cu2O@Co3O4/PC and PC electrodes at a current density of 1 A g-1; (b) EIS results for Cu2O@Co3O4/PC and PC. (c) CV results for Cu2O@Co3O4/PC at different scan rates; (d) GCD curves for the Cu2O@Co3O4/PC composite at different current densities; (e) current density vs. specific capacitance for Cu2O@Co3O4/PC; (f) cycling stability of Cu2O@Co3O4/PC at a current density of 1 A g-1.

Fig. 8. Cu2O@Co3O4/PC//rGO asymmetric electrochemical device test results: (a) CV curve at different window voltages at 50 mV s-1; (b) capacitance contribution diagram at a scan rate of 50 mV s-1; (c) capacitance contribution ratio of diffusion-controlled and capacitive charges at different scan rates; (d) GCD curves at different current densities; (e) current density and capacitance curve; (f) comparison of power density and energy density curves with those from the literature.

Fig. 9. (a) Density of states for Cu2O(110), Co3O4(110), and Cu2O@Co3O4 (the inset shows the side view of the optimized model). (b) Potential lineup diagrams for the Cu2O(110) and Co3O4(110) surfaces (EF denotes the Fermi level).

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Encapsulation of hollow Cu₂O nanocubes with Co₃O₄ on porous carbon for energy-storage devices

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