Insights into microstructural evolution and deformation behaviors of a gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy plate under hypervelocity impact

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.02.049

Abstract

Abstract:

We have for the first time elucidated the microstructural evolution and deformation behaviors of a gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy plate under the ultrahigh strain rate of ~106 s-1 that is generated by a two-stage light gas gun with the hypervelocities of 1.6-4.4 km s-1. The hypervelocity impact cratering behaviors indicate that the cratering deformation of AZ31B Mg alloy is mainly affected by the inertia and strength of the target material. The crater prediction equation of AZ31B Mg alloy target under impact velocity of 5 km s-1 is given. The 2017Al projectile completely melts in the Mg alloy target plate at the impact velocities of 3.8 km s-1 and 4.4 km s-1, and the microstructural evolution around the crater is: dynamic recrystallization zone, high-density twinning zone, low-density twinning zone, and Mg alloy matrix. It is found that the dynamic recrystallization, twinning and cracking are the main deformation behaviors for the AZ31B Mg alloy to absorb the shock wave energy and release the stress generated by the hypervelocity impact. The main plastic deformation mechanisms of the Mg alloy target during hypervelocity impact are twinning and dislocation slip. Microstructure analysis shows the interactions of twins-twins, dislocations-dislocations, and twins-dislocations determine the strain hardening during the hypervelocity impact process, which eventually contributes the dynamic mechanical properties. The evolution of microhardness around the crater further demonstrates the microstructural evolutions and their interactions under the hypervelocity impacts.

Key words: AZ31B Mg alloy plate, Hypervelocity impact, Deformation behavior, Shock wave propagation, Microstructural evolution

Weigui Zhang, Kun Li, Runqiang Chi, Susheng Tan, Peijie Li. Insights into microstructural evolution and deformation behaviors of a gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy plate under hypervelocity impact[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 91: 40-57.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig. 1. EBSD analysis of the as-received AZ31B Mg plate. (a) Orientation map (OM); (b) pole figures (PFs) on the planes of {0002} and {10-10} (The PFs are converted to the ED-TD plane for the comparison with the following XRD macrotexture).

Fig. 2. Normal view and corresponding cross-section view of the impact craters in AZ31B Mg alloy targets at the impact velocity of 1.6 km/s (a-c), 3.8 km/s (d-f) and 4.4 km/s (g-i). (The impact direction relative to the target is noted in (c))

Fig. 3. The crater depth (Pc) and crater diameter (Dc) as a function of the impact velocity.

Fig. 4. Comparison between the experimental and calculated data of the crater shape factor (Pc/Dc).

Fig. 5. Metallographic morphologies around the crater in AZ31B Mg alloy target plate impacted at the velocity of 1.6 km/s: (a) residual microstructure along the entire crater cross-section; (b, c) enlarged view of microstructure in the left and right sides of the crater wall showing abundant shear bands; (d) enlarged view of microstructure in the bottom of the crater along the impact direction.

Fig. 6. SEM morphologies of the shear bands in the left side of the crater wall in Fig. 5(b).

Fig. 7. Metallographic morphologies around the crater in AZ31B Mg alloy target plate impacted at the velocity of 3.8 km/s near the upper side of the crater wall (a), near the central side of the crater wall (b), near the lower side of the crater wall (c), near the bottom of the crater along the impact direction (d) and near the macrocracks (e).

Fig. 8. Metallographic morphologies around the crater in AZ31B Mg alloy target plate impacted at the velocity of 4.4 km/s near the upper side of the crater wall (a), near the central side of the crater wall (b), near the lower side of the crater wall (c), near the bottom of the crater along the impact direction (d), and (e) near the lower side of the crater wall.

Fig. 9. The changes of the instantaneous Hugoniot shock pressure and the Bernoulli steady-state pressure as a function of impact velocity.

Fig. 10. The changes of the shock Hugoniot temperature and the shock release temperature in AZ31B Mg alloy target as a function of impact velocity.

Fig. 11. Schematic illustration of the X-ray macrotexture test around the crater in the gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy target plate.

Fig. 12. The macrotexture evolution at {0002} and {10-10} planes around the crater wall impacted at the velocity of 3.8 km/s: (a, b) the upper region of the crater, (c, d) the middle region of the crater and (e, f) the lower region of the crater.

Fig. 13. The macrotexture evolution at {0002} and {10-10} planes around the crater wall impacted at the velocity of 4.4 km/s: (a, b) the upper region of the crater, (c, d) the middle region of the crater and (e, f) the lower region of the crater.

Fig. 14. Schmid factor (SF) analysis of dislocation slip and twinning systems in the gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy plate: (a) basal <a> slip, (b) prismatic <a> slip, (c) pyramidal <c+a> slip, (d) {10-12}〈10-11〉 extension twinning, and (e) {10-11}〈10-12〉 compression twinning.

Fig. 15. Bright field TEM micrographs of the gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy target plate impacted at the velocity of 3.8 km/s: (a-c) one observed area in A location corresponding to the upper location, (d-f) another observed area in A location corresponding to the upper location and (g-i) the observed area in B location corresponding to the middle location in Fig. 11.

Fig. 16. Bright field TEM micrographs of the gradient textured AZ31B Mg alloy target plate impacted at the velocity of 4.4 km/s: (a-d) the observed area in A location corresponding to the upper location, and (e-h) the observed area in B location corresponding to the middle location in Fig. 11.

Fig. 17. The microhardness evolution around the crater wall impacted at the velocity of 1.6 km/s (a), 3.8 km/s (b) and 4.4 km/s (c).

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