A high-performance Mg-4.9Gd-3.2Y-1.1Zn-0.5Zr alloy via multidirectional forging after analyzing its compression behavior

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.08.054

Abstract

Abstract:

A high-performance Mg-4.9Gd-3.2Y-1.1Zn-0.5 Zr alloy has been fabricated by multidirectional forging (MDF) after analyzing its compression behavior. The as-homogenized alloy exhibits a high activation energy Q of deformation (~285 kJ/mol). The size of DRXed grains after compression tends to decrease as the Z-H parameter (Z) increases, showing a grain size exponent m of ~4.0. Lamellar LPSO phases, kinking deformation, and bimodal microstructure are detected at the relatively low compression temperature of 350 and 400 °C, while sufficient DRX can be achieved at 500 °C, accompanied by the dissolution of lamellar LPSO. According to the processing maps, MDF was successfully conducted under an appropriate condition. After peak-aged at 200 °C for 78 h, the MDFed billet exhibits a tensile yield strength (TYS) of 331 and 305 MPa at room temperature and 200 °C, respectively. The high strength mainly results from the combination of fine grains, low Schmid factor for basal slip, sufficient β' ageing precipitates, and directionally arranged interdendritic LPSO phases, etc. This paper provides a feasible way for the fabrication of high-performance, low-RE-content, and large-scale Mg components for industrial production.

Key words: Mg-Gd-Y-Zn-Zr, Deformation behavior, Activation energy, Forge, Dynamic recrystallization, Mechanical properties

Xiaojie Zhou, Yuan Yao, Jian Zhang, Xiaomin Chen, Weiying Huang, Jing Pan, Haoran Wang, Maopeng Weng. A high-performance Mg-4.9Gd-3.2Y-1.1Zn-0.5Zr alloy via multidirectional forging after analyzing its compression behavior[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 70: 156-167.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the multidirectional forging (MDF).

Fig. 2. (a) Optical micrograph, (b) SEM image, and (c) XRD pattern of the as-homogenized Mg-4.9Gd-3.2Y-1.1Zn-0.5 Zr alloy.

Fig. 3. True stress-true strain curves of the samples compressed at strain rates ε˙ of (a) 1 s-1, (b) 0.1 s-1, (c) 0.01 s-1, and (d) 0.001 s-1, with the insertion of their macrographs.

Fig. 4. Relationship of (a) ln ε˙ -ln σ, (b) ln ε˙ - σ, (c) ln ε˙ -ln[sinh(ασ)], and (d) ln[sinh(ασ)]-1000/T.

Fig. 5. SEM images of the samples compressed under different conditions.

Fig. 6. The sizes of DRX grains plotted as a function of lnZ.

Fig. 7. IPF maps of the compressed samples under different conditions: (a) 450 °C, 0.001 s-1, (b) 450 °C, 0.01 s-1, (c) 450 °C, 0.1 s-1, and (d) 500 °C, 0.1 s-1.

Fig. 8. EBSD-derived pole figures of the compressed samples under different conditions: (a) 450 °C, 0.001 s-1, (b) 450 °C, 0.01 s-1, (c) 450 °C, 0.1 s-1, and (d) 500 °C, 0.1 s-1.

Fig. 9. DMM processing maps at the strain of (a) ε = 0.2, and (b) ε = 0.5.

Fig. 10. (a, b) Optical micrographs, (c) IPF map, and (d) pole figures of the MDFed sample.

Fig. 11. Age-hardening response of the MDFed sample at 200, 225, and 250 °C.

Fig. 12. TEM images of the as-aged sample showing (a) intragranular LPSO phase, (b) ageing precipitates, and (c, d) the corresponding SAED patterns.

Fig. 13. Typical engineering stress and engineering strain curves of the as-homogenized, as-MDFed, and as-aged samples.

Table 1 Tensile properties of the as-homogenized, as-MDFed, and peak-aged samples (standard deviation is given in parentheses).

Sample status	Testing temperature	TYS (MPa)	UTS (MPa)	Elongation (%)
Homogenized	RT	158 (±1.6)	240 (±2.4)	11.5 (±0.1)
MDFed	RT	296 (±3.3)	359 (±4.9)	13.0 (±0.8)
Peak-aged	RT	331 (±5.4)	390 (±4.5)	9.1 (±0.2)
Peak-aged	200 °C	305 (±7.5)	346 (±11.5)	9.5 (±0.5)

Fig. 14. Fracture surfaces of the as-aged samples tensile tested at (a, b) room temperature and (c, d) 200 °C in (a, c) secondary electron mode and (b, d) backscattered electron mode.

Fig. 15. Comparative bar chart of the contribution from various strengthening mechanisms to tensile yield strength at room temperature.

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