Corrosion protection of NiNb metallic glass coatings for 316SS by magnetron sputtering

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.12.004

Abstract

Abstract:

Metallic glasses (MGs) appear as promising anti-corrosion coating materials due to their microstructural and physicochemical advantages. Herein, we proposed magnetron sputtered NiNb thin film MG coatings (MGCs) with different structures and compositions for corrosion protection of 316 stainless steel in an aggressive saline environment. The properties of monolayered Ni₅₀Nb₅₀ and Ni₆₀Nb₄₀, as well as the multilayered Ni₅₀Nb₅₀/Ni₆₀Nb₄₀ (at.%) MGCs, were characterized in terms of morphology and microstructural properties, as well as the anticorrosion behavior. All the NiNb MGCs presented compact structure and the monolayered coatings exhibited preferable adhesion properties in comparison with the multilayered coating. The electrochemical tests and XPS results imply that the monolayered Ni₅₀Nb₅₀ MGC with high Nb content resisted corrosion mainly due to the formation of stable passive film that contained abundant Nb₂O₅ species, whereas the Ni₆₀Nb₄₀ MGC with high Ni content showed week corrosion protection performance during long-term service due to the dissolution of Ni cations and the devastation of the coating structure. Though with bit worse adhesion and more vulnerable Ni₆₀Nb₄₀ layers, the multilayered Ni₅₀Nb₅₀/Ni₆₀Nb₄₀ MGC possessed comparable corrosion resistance with the monolayered Ni₅₀Nb₅₀ MG coating, which remained stable even after 32 days of exposure. Such performance should be ascribed to the combined eﬀ ;ect of the repassivation property for the sub-layers, the hindrance of propagation paths of micro-defects, and the obstruction of corrosive species by interfaces in the multilayered coating.

Key words: Magnetron sputtering, NiNb, Metallic glasses, Multilayer, Corrosion protection

L. Jiang, Z.Q. Chen, H.B. Lu, H.B. Ke, Y. Yuan, Y.M. Dong, X.K. Meng. Corrosion protection of NiNb metallic glass coatings for 316SS by magnetron sputtering[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 79: 88-98.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1. SEM images of (a) Ni50Nb50, (b) Ni60Nb40 and (c) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs; EDS mappings of Ni and Nb elements recorded from the surface of (d) Ni50Nb50, (e) Ni60Nb40 and (f) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs; 3D AFM images of (g) Ni50Nb50, (h) Ni60Nb40 and (i) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs.

Fig. 2. The representative cross-sectional high resolution TEM images of (a) Ni50Nb50, (b) Ni60Nb40 and (c) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs. Inserts in (a), (b), (c) show the corresponding SAED patterns.

Fig. 3. The scratch morphology and the variation of acoustic emission signal (AE %) in terms of the scratch length and progressive normal load (Fn) for (a) Ni50Nb50, (b) Ni60Nb40 and (c) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs.

Fig. 4. (a) Potentiodynamic polarization curves of 316SS with and without NiNb MGCs; (b) potentiostatic polarization curves of the NiNb MG coated 316SS at the potential of 0.1 VAg/AgCl.

Table 1 Potentiodynamic polarization parameters of 316SS with and without NiNb MGCs.

Samples	E_corr (mV)	j_corr (μA cm^-2)
316SS	-391	1.49
Ni₅₀Nb₅₀	-298	0.00679
Ni₆₀Nb₄₀	-404	0.334
Ni₅₀Nb₅₀/Ni₆₀Nb₄₀	-283	0.00239

Fig. 5. (a) Nyquist and (b) Bode plots for 316SS with and without NiNb MGCs; the equivalent circuits to fit the EIS plots for (c) uncoated 316SS, (d) Ni50Nb50 or Ni60Nb40 and (e) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 coated 316SS.

Table 2 Main fitted EIS parameters of 316SS with and without NiNb MGCs.

Samples	R_s (Ω cm²)	CPE_c (Ω^-1 cm^-2 s-ⁿ)	R_pore (Ω cm²)	Z_d-R (Ω cm²)	CPE_dl (Ω^-1 cm^-2 s-ⁿ)	R_ct (Ω cm²)	R_p (Ω cm²)
316SS	21.12	--	--	--	6.91 × 10 ^-5	9.69 × 10 ⁴	9.69 × 10 ⁴
Ni₅₀Nb₅₀	22.28	1.65 × 10 ^-5	1.88 × 10 ⁶	--	2.70 × 10 ^-6	4.23 × 10 ⁶	6.11 × 10 ⁶
Ni₆₀Nb₄₀	19.31	2.34 × 10 ^-5	7.68 × 10 ⁵	--	8.54 × 10 ^-6	1.61 × 10 ⁶	2.38 × 10 ⁶
Ni₅₀Nb₅₀/ Ni₆₀Nb₄₀	20.11	1.07 × 10 ^-9	5.52 × 10 ⁴	5.25 × 10 ⁵	6.92 × 10 ^-6	6.09 × 10 ⁶	6.67 × 10 ⁶

Fig. 6. Nyquist and Bode plots of 316SS coated by (a) Ni50Nb50, (b) Ni60Nb40, and (c) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs at different immersion time.

Fig. 7. Evolution of impedance at 0.01 Hz (|Z|0.01 Hz) obtained from Bode plots during 32 days of immersion for 316SS coated by NiNb MGCs.

Fig. 8. SEM images of the (a) Ni50Nb50, (b) Ni60Nb40, (c) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs and the uncoated (d) 316SS after immersion; 3D AFM images of (e) Ni50Nb50, (f) Ni60Nb40 and (g) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs after immersion.

Fig. 9. The decomposed Nb 3d, Ni 2p3/2 and O 1s XPS spectra of (a, b, c) Ni50Nb50, (d, e, f) Ni60Nb40 and (g, h, i) Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs after 32 days immersion.

Fig. 10. Percentages of the component peaks of Nb 3d, Ni 2p and O 1s at the surface of Ni50Nb50, Ni60Nb40 and Ni50Nb50/Ni60Nb40 MGCs after immersion process.

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