J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2020, Vol. 52: 235-242.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.02.064
• Research Article • Previous Articles
Hao Wua,*(), Yunlei Xua, Zhihao Wangb, Zhenhua Liuc, Qinggang Lid, Jinkai Lia,*(), Junyan Wua,*()
Received:
2020-02-02
Revised:
2020-02-08
Accepted:
2020-02-23
Published:
2020-09-15
Online:
2020-09-18
Contact:
Hao Wu,Jinkai Li,Junyan Wu
Hao Wu, Yunlei Xu, Zhihao Wang, Zhenhua Liu, Qinggang Li, Jinkai Li, Junyan Wu. The influence of solute atom ordering on the deformation behavior of hexagonal close packed Ti-Al alloys[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 52: 235-242.
Fig. 1. (a) Back-scattered electron (BSE) images of annealed samples at 1100 °C for 4 h and (b) corresponding compositional profile analysis along the black arrow as indicated in panel (a), showing a gradient of chemical constituents along the diffusion direction. Scale bar, 30 μm.
Fig. 2. TEM-based slip trace analysis. (a) Bright field (BF) image of two neighboring deformed grains with different Al concentrations of 12.2 at.% (left grain) and 10.5 at.% (right grain). (b-d) Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns of (b) grain boundary, (c) left grain, and (d) right grain.
Fig. 3. Dependence of Al ordering on the dislocation activity. (a) High-resolution TEM micrograph nearby the grain boundary. (b-f) Corresponding reconstructed lattice fringes through inverse fast Fourier transform (FFT). The selected diffraction frequencies were indicated at the left bottom of each panel. A considerable amount of dislocations were detected in the right grain, both on prismatic and pyramidal planes, in sharp contrast with lattice fringes on the left side.
Fig. 4. Deformation nanotwinning and stacking faults. The image was taken at the right grain of Fig. 2(a) with relatively low Al content. No twin was found in the opposite side. In panel (a), we show the atomic array of parent phase and twin variants, and reconfirmed the nanotwinning by (b) electron diffraction at the region where panel (a) was taken. (c) Inverse and (d) FFT images of the region of interest (red squares in panel a), revealing the {10-11} twin with a lamella thickness of merely 3 nm as well as stacking faults. (e) FFT patterns of the red-bordered region as plotted in panel (c).
Fig. 5. The influence of Al ordering on deformation mechanism of hexagonal close packed Ti-Al alloys. The Al concentration is measured as (a) 5 at.% and (b) 12 at.%, respectively. Inset is the electron diffraction of panel (b) and shows the presence of ordered Ti3Al precipitates.
Fig. 6. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) characterization of annealed samples at 1100 °C for 4 h. (a) Inverse pole ?gure (IPF). (b) Kernel average misorientation (KAM). (c) Grain boundary and (d) its frequency distribution histogram. All the grain boundaries were colored according to their misorientation angle between two neighboring grains: blue for 2°-5°, red for 5° -15°, and black for > 15°. Scale bar, 50 μm.
Fig. 7. EBSD characterization of deformed microstructure after a tensile strain of 5%. (a) Inverse pole ?gure (IPF). (b) The distribution of low- and high-angle grain boundaries. All the grain boundaries were colored according to their misorientation angle between two neighboring grains: blue for 2°-5°, red for 5°-15°, and black for > 15°. (c) The image quality (IQ, Kikuchi pattern), and (d) Kernel average misorientation (KAM). (e) Compositional profile analysis from the topmost to bottom surface of panel (a), indicating the middle Al-poor region. (f-i) EBSD-based slip trace analysis and pole figures of (f) Grain A, (g) Grain B, and (h-i) Grain C as plotted in panel (a). Deformation substructure as well as shear localization was clearly observed, but was component and orientation dependent. In the interior of Grain C, the influence of grain orientation is minimized and we found that the closer to the Al poor region, the larger the KAM, and the greater the degree of plastic deformation. Scale bar, 50 μm.
Fig. 8. Nanotwins and their interactions with dislocations. (a) Influence of Al alloying on the deformation nanotwinning. (b) Confined dislocation slip within twin lamella with the thickness of a few or tens of nanometers.
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