Superhydrophobic self-extinguishing cotton fabrics for electromagnetic interference shielding and human motion detection

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.05.036

Abstract

Abstract:

Multifunctional intelligent fire-safe cotton fabric promises next-generation fire-fighting uniform and sensor applications. However, cotton fabrics' hygroscopicity and intrinsic flammability significantly impede their potential applications in industries. Herein, we report a superhydrophobic fireproof cotton fabric (PEI-APP-PEI-MXene) generated via sequential layer-by-layer deposition of polyethyleneimine (PEI), ammonium polyphosphate (APP), and titanium carbide (MXene), followed by hydrophobic treatment with silicone elastomer. Compared to untreated cotton, the treated cotton fabric with 10 polymolecular layers exhibits ∼43% and ∼42% reductions in the peak heat release rate and total heat release, respectively, a desired UL-94 V-0 rating, and a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of 39.5 vol.%. In addition to that, the treated fabrics displayed improved electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and motion-sensing abilities. The presented work provides a facile and effective surface modification approach to generate multifunctional cotton fabrics with promising practical applications.

Key words: Cotton fabric, Super-hydrophobicity, Flame retardancy, Electromagnetic interference shielding, Motion sensor, MXene

Lei Liu, Zhewen Ma, Menghe Zhu, Lina Liu, Jinfeng Dai, Yongqian Shi, Jiefeng Gao, Toan Dinh, Thanh Nguyen, Long-Cheng Tang, Pingan Song. Superhydrophobic self-extinguishing cotton fabrics for electromagnetic interference shielding and human motion detection[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 132: 59-68.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration for layer-by-layer self-assembly treatment and characterization of multifunctional cotton fabrics. (a) Illustration of LbL treatment to cotton fabrics; (b) TEM image of MXene; (c) SEM image of MXene; (d) IR spectra of cotton and coated cotton; SEM images of (e) cotton, (f) cotton-5BL-Si, and (g) cotton-10BL(APP)-Si; (h) SEM image of cotton-10BL-Si along with the EDS mapping results.

Fig. 2. Superhydrophobic and self-cleaning properties. Water droplets deposited on the (a) cotton-10BL(APP), (a1) cotton-10BL(APP)-Si, (b) cotton-10BL and (b1) cotton-10BL-Si; (c) WCA of all samples; (d) superhydrophobic surface property of the cotton-10BL-Si.

Fig. 3. Thermal stability and flame retardancy. (a) TGA, (b) DTG curves, and (c) char residues of cotton and coated cotton fabrics; (d) Heat release rate and (e) total heat release curves; (f) LOI values and UL-94 ratings for cotton and coated cotton fabrics; Digital photos for (g) cotton, (h) cotton-10BL(APP)-Si and (i) cotton-10BL-Si during vertical burning tests.

Fig. 4. Electrical conductivity and EMI shielding properties. (a) Electrical conductivity, and (b) EMI shielding performance of samples; (c) SER, SEA, and SET values of samples; (d) ratios of SEA/SER of the samples.

Fig. 5. The performance of the fabric after the washing. (a) SEM image of cotton-10BL-Si; (b) EMI shielding performance of samples; (c) LOI values and UL-94 ratings.

Fig. 6. (a) Schematic diagram of cotton-10BL-Si mounted on different joints for monitoring human motions. (b-e) Responses to elbow bending, throat swallowing, and finger bending, respectively. (f) Response curves of the cotton-10BL-Si under different press.

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