J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2022, Vol. 127: 164-176.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.02.055
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Xuli Liua, Yidong Wua,*(
), Yansong Wangb, Jinbin Chena, Rui Baia, Lei Gaoa, Zhe Xua, William Yi Wangc, Chengwen Tanb,*(), Xidong Huia,*()
Received:2021-12-23
Revised:2022-02-16
Accepted:2022-02-24
Published:2022-11-10
Online:2022-11-10
Contact:
Yidong Wu,Chengwen Tan,Xidong Hui
About author:xdhui@ustb.edu.cn (X. Hui)Xuli Liu, Yidong Wu, Yansong Wang, Jinbin Chen, Rui Bai, Lei Gao, Zhe Xu, William Yi Wang, Chengwen Tan, Xidong Hui. Enhanced dynamic deformability and strengthening effect via twinning and microbanding in high density NiCoFeCrMoW high-entropy alloys[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 127: 164-176.
Fig. 1. XRD patterns of Ni30Co30Fe30-x-yCr10MoxWy HEAs 60%-rolled and followed by annealing at 1273 K for 1 h (a), 1473 K for 1 h (b) and 1573 K for 10 min (c); (d) The magnified XRD patterns of FCC (111) plane in (b).
Fig. 2. SEM images and corresponding μ phase volume fraction of Ni30Co30Fe30-x-yCr10MoxWy HEAs 60%-rolled and followed by annealing at 1273 K for 1 h (a-d), 1473 K for 1 h (e-h) and 1573 K for 10 min (i-l).
| Alloys | Region | Chemical compositions (at.%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co | Ni | Cr | Fe | Mo | W | ||
| Mo4W3 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 23 | 4 | 3 |
| Matrix | 29.5±0.3 | 30.3±0.3 | 9.8±0.1 | 22.7±0.2 | 4.3±0.1 | 3.4±0.1 | |
| Mo4W5 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 21 | 4 | 5 |
| Matrix | 30.0±0.3 | 29.8±0.3 | 9.9±0.1 | 21.2±0.2 | 3.8±0.1 | 5.3±0.1 | |
| Mo4W7 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 19 | 4 | 7 |
| Matrix | 29.4±0.5 | 30.7±0.5 | 10.8±0.2 | 17.4±0.3 | 4.1±0.1 | 7.6±0.1 | |
| μ phase | 24.5±0.6 | 13.6±0.6 | 8.7±0.2 | 11.1±0.3 | 12.2±0.2 | 29.9±0.2 | |
| Mo0W9 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 21 | - | 9 |
| Matrix | 29.4±0.3 | 29.6±0.3 | 10.6±0.2 | 21.5±0.2 | - | 8.9±0.1 | |
| μ phase | 25.1±0.3 | 13.8±0.3 | 8.0±0.1 | 14.3±0.2 | - | 38.8±0.2 | |
Table 1. The EDX results for Ni30Co30Fe30-x-yCr10MoxWy HEAs 60%-rolled and annealed at 1573 K for 10 min.
| Alloys | Region | Chemical compositions (at.%) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Co | Ni | Cr | Fe | Mo | W | ||
| Mo4W3 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 23 | 4 | 3 |
| Matrix | 29.5±0.3 | 30.3±0.3 | 9.8±0.1 | 22.7±0.2 | 4.3±0.1 | 3.4±0.1 | |
| Mo4W5 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 21 | 4 | 5 |
| Matrix | 30.0±0.3 | 29.8±0.3 | 9.9±0.1 | 21.2±0.2 | 3.8±0.1 | 5.3±0.1 | |
| Mo4W7 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 19 | 4 | 7 |
| Matrix | 29.4±0.5 | 30.7±0.5 | 10.8±0.2 | 17.4±0.3 | 4.1±0.1 | 7.6±0.1 | |
| μ phase | 24.5±0.6 | 13.6±0.6 | 8.7±0.2 | 11.1±0.3 | 12.2±0.2 | 29.9±0.2 | |
| Mo0W9 | Nominal | 30 | 30 | 10 | 21 | - | 9 |
| Matrix | 29.4±0.3 | 29.6±0.3 | 10.6±0.2 | 21.5±0.2 | - | 8.9±0.1 | |
| μ phase | 25.1±0.3 | 13.8±0.3 | 8.0±0.1 | 14.3±0.2 | - | 38.8±0.2 | |
Fig. 3. EBSD inverse pole figures (IPFs) and corresponding average grain size of Mo4W3 and Mo0W9 HEAs annealed at 1273 K for 1 h (a, b), 1473 K for 1 h (c, d) and 1573 K for 10 min (e, f).
Fig. 4. The room temperature quasi-static tensile engineering stress-strain curves of Ni30Co30Fe30-x-yCr10MoxWy HEAs annealed at 1273 K for 1 h (a), 1473 K for 1 h (b) and 1573 K for 10 min (c).
Fig. 5. True stress-true strain curves under different strain rates of HEAs annealed at 1573 K for 10 min: (a) Mo4W3 and (b) Mo0W9. The insets in (a) and (b) show the deformation of the Mo4W3 and Mo0W9 specimens under dynamic loads, respectively; (c) Work hardening rate as a function of true plastic strain.
| Materials | Melting point (K) | Density (g/cm3) | Measured value of sound velocity (km/s) | Calculated value of sound velocity (km/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mo4W3 | 1910 | 9.0±0.1 | 5.5±0.1 | 5.9 |
| Mo4W5 | 1948 | 9.3±0.2 | - | 5.8 |
| Mo4W7 | 1986 | 9.6±0.2 | - | 5.8 |
| Mo0W9 | 1980 | 9.8±0.1 | 5.5±0.1 | 5.8 |
| Cu | 1357 | 8.9±0.1 | 4.6±0.1 | - |
| Co | 1768 | 8.9±0.1 | 5.6±0.1 | - |
| Ni | 1728 | 8.9±0.1 | 5.8±0.1 | - |
| Cr | 2180 | 7.1±0.1 | 6.6±0.1 | - |
| Fe | 1811 | 7.8±0.1 | 5.9±0.1 | - |
| Mo | 2896 | 10.2±0.1 | 6.5±0.1 | - |
| W | 3695 | 18.2±0.1 | 5.1±0.1 | - |
Table 2. Properties of Ni30Co30Fe30-x-yCr10MoxWy HEAs and several pure metals.
| Materials | Melting point (K) | Density (g/cm3) | Measured value of sound velocity (km/s) | Calculated value of sound velocity (km/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mo4W3 | 1910 | 9.0±0.1 | 5.5±0.1 | 5.9 |
| Mo4W5 | 1948 | 9.3±0.2 | - | 5.8 |
| Mo4W7 | 1986 | 9.6±0.2 | - | 5.8 |
| Mo0W9 | 1980 | 9.8±0.1 | 5.5±0.1 | 5.8 |
| Cu | 1357 | 8.9±0.1 | 4.6±0.1 | - |
| Co | 1768 | 8.9±0.1 | 5.6±0.1 | - |
| Ni | 1728 | 8.9±0.1 | 5.8±0.1 | - |
| Cr | 2180 | 7.1±0.1 | 6.6±0.1 | - |
| Fe | 1811 | 7.8±0.1 | 5.9±0.1 | - |
| Mo | 2896 | 10.2±0.1 | 6.5±0.1 | - |
| W | 3695 | 18.2±0.1 | 5.1±0.1 | - |
Fig. 6. Comparison of density versus elongation-to-fracture obtained in this work with other FCC HEAs [25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34].
Fig. 7. The variation of yielding strengths with strain rates at two distinct regions. Two distinguishable regions correspond to different strain rate sensitivity (SRS), i. e., quasi-static SRS (ms) and dynamic SRS (md).
Fig. 8. Variation of deformation-induced adiabatic temperature rise with the true plastic strain at different strain rates of (a) Mo4W3 and (b) Mo0W9 HEAs; Comparison between the experimental data and the flow stress predicted by the modified Johnson-Cook model upon dynamic loading for (c, d) Mo4W3 and (e, f) Mo0W9 HEAs.
Fig. 9. TEM microstructural characterizations and the corresponding SAED patterns of the Mo4W3 HEA after dynamic (～4500 s?1) deformation. (a) and (b) Bright field micrographs showing the interaction between dislocations; (c) and (d) Bright field micrographs of deformation twins and corresponding SAED pattern.
Fig. 10. HRTEM images in the Mo4W3 HEA after dynamic (～4500 s?1) deformation. (a) Twinning structures; (b) The magnified image of the rectangle region in (a); (c) V-shaped SF configuration with acute angle of 70.5°; (d) Mixed type SF configuration of T-shaped and V-shaped with angles of 109.5°.
Fig. 11. TEM microstructural characterizations and the corresponding SAED patterns of the Mo0W9 HEA after dynamic (～4100 s?1) deformation. (a) and (b) BF micrographs showing the dense dislocation walls and microbands; (c-e) Bright field micrographs show the deformation twins and corresponding SAED pattern; (f) Bright field micrographs of μ phases and corresponding SAED pattern.
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