High-performance and high-thermally stable PSN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics achieved by high-temperature poling

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.09.022

Abstract

Abstract:

High piezoelectric properties and superior thermal stability are both important indicators of piezoelectric ceramics serving at high temperature. However, since these properties are usually mutually exclusive, high performance and superior thermal stability are hard to achieve simultaneously. Here we report that a high piezoelectricity (d33 ∼ 562 pC/N) and superior thermal stability (the variation is within 7% from 20 to 330 °C) were both achieved in 0.4 mol% ZnO-doped 0.02Pb(Sb1/2Nb1/2)-0.51PbZrO3-0.47PbTiO3 by high-temperature poling. Compared with traditional poling method, high-temperature poling method forms a small-sized and highly oriented domain structure, which can effectively improve the piezoelectric and dielectric properties of piezoelectric ceramics. At the same time, the enhanced pinning effect of defect ions and stabilized domain structure due to high-temperature poling also contribute to the superior temperature stability of the piezoelectric and dielectric properties. This work provides an effective method for designing piezoelectric materials with high performance and good temperature stability for high temperature sensor applications.

Key words: Perovskites, Piezoelectricity, Temperature-dependent, Electrical properties, High-temperature poling

Zhengran Chen, Ruihong Liang, Chi Zhang, Zhiyong Zhou, Yuchen Li, Zhenming Liu, Xianlin Dong. High-performance and high-thermally stable PSN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics achieved by high-temperature poling[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 116: 238-245.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1. The poling conditions and schematic diagram of domain structures of traditional poling (a) and high-temperature poling (b).

Fig. 2. X-ray diffraction patterns of different poling states of PSN-PZT ceramics with (a) 2θ =10°-70° (b) 2θ = 42°-46°; SEM images of (c) unpoled, (d) traditional poled and (e) high-temperature poled PSN-PZT ceramics.

Fig. 3. PFM phase and amplitude images of PSN-PZT for (a, b) traditional poling, and (c, d) high-temperature poling; (e) phase density distribution; (f) amplitude density distribution.

Fig. 4. TEM images along [112]pc for (a) traditional poled PSN-PZT ceramics sample and (b) high-temperature poled PSN-PZT ceramics sample.

Fig. 5. Dielectric temperature spectrum and Curie-Weiss fitting of PSN-PZT for (a, c) traditional poling, (b, d) high-temperature poling.

Fig. 6. (a) Unipolar hysteresis loops and (b) bipolar strain curves of PSN-PZT piezoelectric ceramics with different poling modes.

Table 1. The d33, εr and kp of the high-temperature poled PSN-PZT at poling electric field of 50-1000 V/mm.

Poling electric field (V/mm)	d₃₃ (pC/N)	k_p	ε_r
50	431	0.631	2063
100	553	0.667	2606
150	544	0.665	2601
200	553	0.668	2630
400	562	0.671	2599
600	553	0.669	2593
800	562	0.673	2589
1000	560	0.670	2588
Traditional poling	482	0.651	2325

Fig. 7. Under different poling electric fields, the rate of change of d33, εr and kp of the high-temperature poled PSN-PZT relative to the traditional poled one.

Fig. 8. Thermal variation of d33 and εr of PSN-PZT with different poling modes.

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