Anisotropic corrosion resistance of TiC reinforced Ni-based composites fabricated by selective laser melting

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.12.020

Abstract

Abstract:

Electrochemical measurements on three planes of TiC/Inconel 718 composites fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) were performed to study the corrosion property. The results showed that the YZ-plane with dense and fine columnar structures possessed high microhardness and superior corrosion resistance in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. For the XZ-plane, a decreased anti-corrosion property was observed owing to its inhomogeneous microstructures. While the XY-plane with large irregular pores and clustered ring-like structures was more susceptible to corrosion compared with the other two planes. Comparative analysis suggested that the anisotropic corrosion behaviors were significantly dependent on the surface defects, microstructure characteristics and added reinforcements.

Key words: Selective laser melting, Corrosion resistance, Nickel based composite, Microstructure

Hongmei Zhang, Dongdong Gu, Lixia Xi, Han Zhang, Mujian Xia, Chenglong Ma. Anisotropic corrosion resistance of TiC reinforced Ni-based composites fabricated by selective laser melting[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(6): 1128-1136.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1. Three-dimensional diagram of SLM-processed Ni-based composite sample and three different studied planes.

Table 1 The chemical compositions of 20 wt% TiC/Inconel 718 composites.

Element	Fe	Cr	Nb	Mo	Ti	C	Al	O	Ni
wt.%	17.44	19.32	5.12	3.99	2.99	3.66	0.67	0.63	Balance

Fig. 2. 3D optical metallographic images of (a) polished surface and (b) etched surface of SLM-processed composites at three different planes.

Fig. 3. SEM images showing microstructures of etched SLM-processed composites: (a, b) YZ-plane, (c, d) XZ-plane, (e, f) XY-plane.

Fig. 4. (a) Histogram plot displaying distribution of pore diameters on the three planes, Hardness profile on the three planes of SLM-processed composites: (b) XY-plane, (c) XZ-plane, (d) YZ-plane.

Fig. 5. Potentiodynamic polarization curves for the XY-, XZ- and YZ-planes of SLM-processed composites in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution. The inserted was potentiodynamic polarization curves of Inconel 718 alloy.

Table 2 Electrochemical parameters of the polarization curves for three planes of SLM-processed composites.

SLM-ed Planes	E_corr (mV vs SCE)	I_corr (A cm^-2)
XY	-302 ± 15	(3.37 ± 0.17)×10^-5
XZ	-264 ± 13	(2.99 ± 0.15)×10^-5
YZ	-221 ± 10	(4.03 ± 0.20)×10^-7

Fig. 6. EIS measurements for the XY-, XZ- and YZ-planes of SLM-processed composites in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution: (a) Nyquist plots, (b) Bode plots. The inserted figure in (a) was an equivalent circuit.

Table 3 Equivalent circuit parameters for three planes of composites in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

SLM-ed Planes	Rs (Ω cm²)	CPE₁,Y₀ (×10^-5 S sⁿ cm^-2)	n₁	R_f (kΩ cm²)	CPE₂,Y₀ (×10^-5 S sⁿ cm^-2)	n₂	R_ct (kΩ cm²)	χ² (×10^-3)
XY	7.88 ± 0.39	16.58 ± 0.82	0.67 ± 0.03	2.91 ± 0.15	10.80 ± 0.54	0.68 ± 0.03	39.68 ± 1.98	2.28 ± 0.11
XZ	7.51 ± 0.37	10.92 ± 0.55	0.73 ± 0.04	3.42 ± 0.17	18.80 ± 0.94	0.73 ± 0.02	96.23 ± 4.81	2.02 ± 0.10
YZ	7.43 ± 0.35	4.39 ± 0.22	0.75 ± 0.01	16.22 ± 0.81	4.43 ± 0.22	0.75 ± 0.04	169.60 ± 6.48	2.38 ± 0.12

Fig. 7. (a) Nyquist plots, (b) Bode plots of polished Inconel 718, (c, d) SEM images of surface morphology of Inconel 718 after electrochemical test in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution.

Fig. 8. (a) The corrosion rate of the YZ-plane immersed in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution, (b) Potentiodynamic curve, (c) Nyquist plot, (d) Bode plots after the YZ-plane immersed in 3.5 wt% NaCl solution for 100 h.

Fig. 9. Fitted XPS spectra of (a) Cr 2p, (b) Ni 2p3/2, (c) Fe 2p3/2 and (d) Mo 3d obtained for the YZ-plane after electrochemical tests.

Fig. 10. Schematic diagram of corrosion mechanism of SLM-processed TiC/Inconel 718 composites.

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