Effect of Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment on Tribological Behavior of the AZ31 Alloy

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2016.05.018

Abstract

Abstract:

By surface mechanical attrition treatment (SMAT), a gradient nano structure (GNS) from the surface to center was generated in the AZ31 alloy sheet. The tribological behavior of AZ31 alloy with GNS was systematically investigated by using dry sliding tests, a 3D surface profile-meter and a scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive spectrometer. The experimental results indicate that the Mg alloy with GNS exhibits better wear resistance comparing to the as-received sample, which is associated to the alteration of wear mechanism at different sliding speeds. The Mg alloy with GNS presents the wear mechanism of the abrasive wear at 0.05 m/s and the oxidative wear at 0.5 m/s, respectively. Moreover, the GNS can effectively promote the reaction between the oxygen and worn surface, which leads to a compact oxidation layer at 0.5 m/s. The effect of oxidation layer on the wear resistance of the Mg alloy was also discussed.

Key words: Magnesium alloy, Surface mechanical attrition treatment, Wear mechanism, Oxidation layer

Xia Shuangwu,Liu Yong,Fu Dongming,Jin Bin,Lu Jian. Effect of Surface Mechanical Attrition Treatment on Tribological Behavior of the AZ31 Alloy[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2016, 32(12): 1245-1252.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1. Cross-sectional micrograph of AZ31 alloy: (a) as-received; (b) SMAT; (c) and (d) SEM images after SMAT, corresponding to the surface and the center, respectively.

Fig. 2. (a) Variation of the microhardness with the distance from the surface to the matrix center and (b) XRD curves of AZ31 alloy before and after SMAT.

Fig. 3. Friction coefficient of the AZ31 alloy before and after SMAT under different applied loads, at the low sliding speed of 0.05 m/s: (a) 10 N; (b) 30 N; (c) 50 N; and at the high sliding speed of 0.5 m/s: (d) 10 N; (e) 30 N; (f) 50 N.

Fig. 4. Wear rate of AZ31 alloy before and after SMAT under the different sliding speeds and applied loads.

Fig. 5. Typical cross-sectional profile of AZ31 alloy before and after SMAT under the sliding speed: (a) 0.05 (m/s); (b) 0.5 (m/s).

Fig. 6. Typical worn surface morphologies of AZ31 alloy before (a-c) and after (d-f) SMAT at the sliding speed of 0.05 m/s under different applied loads: (a, d) 10 N, (b, e) 30 N, (c, f) 50 N.

Fig. 7. Typical worn surface morphologies and corresponding face EDS analysis of AZ31 alloy before (a-c) and after (d-f) SMAT at the sliding speed of 0.5 m/s under different applied loads: (a, d) 10 N, (b, e) 30 N, (c, f) 50 N.

Fig. 8. SEM images and corresponding point EDS analysis of wear debris of AZ31 alloy at the speed of 0.5 m/s under the applied load of 10 N: (a) as-received; (b) SMAT.

Table 1. Wear performance of AZ31 Mg alloy before and after SMAT

Sliding speed (m/s)	Load (N)	As-received -------------			SMAT ------------------
Sliding speed (m/s)	Load (N)	O (wt%)	FC	WGC (mm)	O (wt%)	FC	WGC (mm)
0.05	10	0	0.39	1.57	0	0.31	0.86
	30	0	0.31	1.78	0	0.24	1.27
	50	0	0.28	2.08	0	0.20	1.75
0.5	10	5.71	0.35	0.96	0	0.34	0.85
	30	6.45	0.32	1.54	6.21	0.26	1.11
	50	7.53	0.26	1.57	13.08	0.23	1.18

Fig. 9. Cross-section schematic image of oxidative wear of AZ31 alloy before (a, c) and after (b, d) SMAT at the sliding speed of 0.5 m/s. (a) The distribution of MgO particle on the as-received sample, (b) the distribution of MgO particle on the SMATed sample (the applied load: 10 N); (c) discrete oxidation layer of the as-received sample, (d) the compact oxidation layer of the SMATed sample (the applied load: 50 N).

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