Constructing built-in electric field in graphitic carbon nitride hollow nanospheres by co-doping and modified in-situ Ni2P for broad spectrum photocatalytic activity

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.03.019

Abstract

Abstract:

The construction of built-in electric field is generally considered as an effective strategy to enhance photocatalytic performance due to its significant role in charge separation. Herein, a built-in electric field within g-C₃N₄ hollow nanospheres co-doped with sulfur and oxygen and modified in-situ Ni₂P is proposed. Ni₂P/SO—HC₃N₄ exhibits significantly enhanced board spectrum photocatalytic properties for hydrogen precipitation (5.21 mmol h^-1 g^-1) and photocatalytic Cr(VI) reduction without the use of noble metal. It also achieves high photocatalytic sterilization activity and remarkable stability when used to completely inactivate E. coli (10 ⁷) in 60 min under Vis-NIR light irradiation. The enhanced performance is attributed to the formation of a curved hollow sphere structure, which promotes the electron transfer between the inner and outer layers. In addition, co-doping inhibits the recombination of photogenerated carriers, and the built-in electric field recombined with Ni₂P facilitates the electron transfer between the composite interfaces. This design strategy demonstrates an original method of devising multifunctional photocatalysts with enhanced activity and stability.

Key words: Photocatalysis, Ni₂P, g-C₃N₄, Hollow nanospheres, Pt-free cocatalysts

Linlin Zhang, Wenxing Peng, YaKun Li, Rui Qin, Dong Yue, Chengjun Ge, Jianjun Liao. Constructing built-in electric field in graphitic carbon nitride hollow nanospheres by co-doping and modified in-situ Ni₂P for broad spectrum photocatalytic activity[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 90: 143-149.

Figures/Tables 4

Fig. 1. (a) Scheme illustration of the synthetic route of the Ni2P/SO—HC3N4. (b) XRD pattern and (c) FTIR spectra of C3N4, HC3N4, SO—HC3N4, and Ni2P/SO—HC3N4.

Fig. 2. (a) SEM and (b) TEM images of Ni2P/SO—HC3N4. (c) HAADF image of Ni2P/SO—HC3N4 and (d-i) the corresponding elemental mapping images.

Fig. 3. Photocatalytic H2 evolution rates of C3N4, HC3N4, SO—HC3N4, and Ni2P/SO—HC3N4 under (a) Vis-NIR and (b) NIR irradiation. (c) Cycling runs of photocatalytic H2 generation over Ni2P/SO—HC3N4. Photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) with different photocatalysts under (d) Vis-NIR and (e) NIR irradiation. (f) Cycling runs of the photocatalytic reduction of Cr (VI) over Ni2P/SO—HC3N4.

Fig. 4. (a) EIS Nyquist plots, (b) I-t curves, and (c) steady-state PL spectra of C3N4, HC3N4, SO—HC3N4, and Ni2P/SO—HC3N4. (d) TS-PL spectra and (e) work functions of C3N4 and Ni2P/SO—HC3N4. (f) Schematic illustration of the photocatalytic process of Ni2P/SO—HC3N4 composites.

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Constructing built-in electric field in graphitic carbon nitride hollow nanospheres by co-doping and modified in-situ Ni₂P for broad spectrum photocatalytic activity

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