Amino-functionalized Ti3C2Tx with anti-corrosive/wear function for waterborne epoxy coating

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.05.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Two-dimensional Ti₃C₂T_x flakes have great application potential in various areas due to their optical, electronic, electrochemical and mechanical properties, but their anti-corrosion and wear-resistance performance were not well understood. The difficulties in achieving good dispersity and interface interaction of inorganic additives in organic coatings hinder the incorporation of Ti₃C₂T_x into the epoxy coating. Here, few-layered Ti₃C₂T_x sheets with amino-functionalization were prepared, and as reinforced-additives were added into the waterborne epoxy coating. Anti-corrosion and tribological properties of as-prepared composite coatings were investigated in detail. The results reveal that the composite coating with 0.5 wt.% amino-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x sheets shows excellent corrosion protection (the lowest frequency impedance was 3.12 × 10⁹ Ω cm ²) and wear resistance (wear rate was reduced by 72.74%). The greatly improving performance of composite coatings mainly depends on: (a) good dispersity and compatibility of amino-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x in organic matrix, (b) high adhesion strength between coating and metal substrate and (c) the intrinsic properties of Ti₃C₂T_x sheets. The work provides a good path for applications of MXene as multifunctional additives.

Key words: Ti₃C₂Tx Amino functionalization, Waterborne epoxy coating, Corrosion, Wear

Han Yan, Meng Cai, Wen Li, Xiaoqiang Fan, Minhao Zhu. Amino-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x with anti-corrosive/wear function for waterborne epoxy coating[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 54: 144-159.

Figures/Tables 16

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of preparation of the amino functionalized Ti3C2Tx.

Fig. 2. (a) XRD spectra of Ti3AlC2, m-Ti3C2, l-M and f-M; (b) survey XPS, (c) Ti 2p, (d) C 1s spectra of l-M and f-M; (e) O 1s spectrum of f-M; (f) FTIR and (g) TG spectra of l-M and f-M.

Table 1 Atomic concentration of l-M and f-M (percentage, %).

Sample	Ti	C	O	F	Si	N
l-M	19.70	41.28	20.14	18.89
f-M	12.76	34.30	32.31	9.78	6.13	4.72

Fig. 3. Microstructure characterization: SEM and images of l-M (a) and f-M (b); TEM images of l-M (c) and f-M (e); High-resolution TEM images of l-M (d) and f-M (f). Inset shows SAD pattern of relevant Ti3C2Tx.

Fig. 4. As-prepared dispersions of l-M and f-M (0.5 wt.%) in epoxy resin slurry at different standing time.

Fig. 5. SEM images of the cross sections of pure EP (a, b), l-M0.25% (c, d), l-M0.5% (e, f), f-M0.25% (g, h) and f-M0.5% (i, j). The inset shows water contact angle of coating.

Fig. 6. Pull-off strength of pure EP, l-M0.5% and f-M0.5%.

Fig. 7. Water absorption curves for pure EP and composite coatings as a function of time in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.

Fig. 8. Time-dependent Nyquist and Bode diagrams for the 6082 aluminium alloy protected by (a, b) pure EP, (c, d) l-M0.25%, (e, f) l-M0.5%, (g, h) f-M0.25% and (i, j) f-M0.5%.

Fig. 9. Comparison of the corrosion rate of various coatings obtained from the literature.

Table 2 References of coatings from Fig. 9.

Coatings	Year	Refs.
BG/PU	2019	[54]
PEO coating	2019	[55]
TOAF_GO	2019	[56]
Functionalised Graphene + Primer	2015	[2]
³BN(OH)_x-PrGO/PU	2018	[30]
PU(0.5 G)-EP(0.75 G)	2018	[48]
FG/PU	2015	[33]
FGO/PU	2015	[33]
FG/PU	2016	[57]
0.5 %G-E44	2016	[58]
G-CAT^-/epoxy	2015	[59]
GO/epoxy	2017	[60]

Fig. 10. SEM images of surface of 6082 aluminium alloy coated by pure EP (a, b), l-M0.25% (c, d), l-M0.5% (e, f), f-M0.25% (g, h) and f-M0.5% (i, j). The EDS curves (the inset is content of relevant corrosive elements) of pure EP (a1), l-M0.25%(c1), l-M0.5%(e1), f-M0.25% (g1) and f-M0.5% (i1) are shown on the right.

Fig. 11. Corrosion protection mechanism for pure EP (a), l-M/epoxy coating (b) and f-M/epoxy coating (c).

Fig. 12. Tribological properties of as-prepared coatings: (a) time-dependence of coefficient of friction (the inset is average coefficient of friction) and (b) wear rate.

Fig. 13. 3D morphologies, SEM images and cross-sectional profile of wear tracks of pure EP (a1, a2, a3), l-M0.25% (b1, b2, b3), l-M0.5% (c1, c2, c3), f-M0.25% (d1, d2, d3) and f-M0.5% (e1, e2, e3).

Fig. 14. Anti-wear mechanism for pure EP (a), l-M/epoxy coating (b) and f-M/epoxy coating (c).

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Amino-functionalized Ti₃C₂T_x with anti-corrosive/wear function for waterborne epoxy coating

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