Insights into the characteristics of corrosion products formed on the contact and exposed regions of C1045 steel bolt and nut fasteners exposed to aqueous chloride environments

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.06.037

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2023, Vol. 135: 250-264.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2022.06.037

Insights into the characteristics of corrosion products formed on the contact and exposed regions of C1045 steel bolt and nut fasteners exposed to aqueous chloride environments

Enobong Felix Daniel^a,b, Chao Li^a,b, Changgang Wang^a,b,*, Junhua Dong^a,b,*, Inime Ime Udoh^c, Peter Chukwuemeka Okafor^d, Dongjiu Zhang^e, Wenan Zhong^e, Sheng Zhong^e

^aSchool of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China;
^bShenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China;
^cSchool of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110159, China;
^dCorrosion and Electrochemistry unit, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Calabar, P.M.B 1115 Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria;
^eKey Laboratory of Space Launching Site Reliability, Xichang Satellite Launch Center, Hainan Haikou 571126, China

Received:2022-02-22 Revised:2022-06-09 Accepted:2022-06-30 Published:2023-02-01 Online:2022-07-24
Contact: *E-mail addresses: cgwang@imr.ac.cn (C. Wang), jhdong@imr.ac.cn (J. Dong)

Abstract

Abstract: This study investigated the characteristics of corrosion products formed on the contact and exposed regions of C1045 steel bolt and nut fasteners exposed to aqueous chloride environments. The corroded surface morphology, rust compositions, and corrosion kinetics of the bolt specimen were studied by visual observation, optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffractometry (XRD), micro-Raman, electron probe micro-analyser (EPMA), and potentiodynamic polarization techniques. Results obtained showed a variation in corrosion kinetics, morphology, and composition of the rust layer which were driven by differential aeration and concentration effects. Due to the availability of sufficient dissolved oxygen, the oxyhydroxide compound, lepidocrocite (γ-FeOOH) was detected in the outer rust layer in the exposed region, whereas the inner rust layer was composed of magnetite (Fe₃O₄). However, the oxygen-deficient contact surface revealed the presence of akaganeite (ß-FeOOH) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄) as dominant oxide phases. The most stable phase, goethite (α-FeOOH) was also detected in the rust formed in both regions, though in significantly low amounts. Furthermore, owing to variation in environmental conditions, the amount and density of the rust layer varied in the different regions. The estimated corrosion stability values for the different regions revealed that the corrosion products formed on the steel surfaces were non-protective, suggesting the need for specific surface treatment as a protective measure.

Key words: Carbon steel, Bolt-nut fastener, Raman, SEM-EDS, XRD, Rust characterization

Enobong Felix Daniel, Chao Li, Changgang Wang, Junhua Dong, Inime Ime Udoh, Peter Chukwuemeka Okafor, Dongjiu Zhang, Wenan Zhong, Sheng Zhong. Insights into the characteristics of corrosion products formed on the contact and exposed regions of C1045 steel bolt and nut fasteners exposed to aqueous chloride environments[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2023, 135: 250-264.

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Insights into the characteristics of corrosion products formed on the contact and exposed regions of C1045 steel bolt and nut fasteners exposed to aqueous chloride environments

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