Hierarchically porous carbon derived from natural Porphyra for excellent electromagnetic wave absorption

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.04.047

Abstract

Abstract:

A highly efficient absorber with features including lightweight, broad bandwidth, and tunable electromagnetic property still remains challenging for practical applications. Herein, the Porphyra-derived porous carbon (PPC) was fabricated via facile procedures of low-temperature pre-carbonization combined with KOH chemical activation. The composition, microstructure, and electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the samples were elucidated based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Brunauer−Emmer−Teller (BET), and vector network analyzer (VNA). The porosity of PPC can be readily regulated by adjusting activation temperature. The PPC obtained at 750 °C was composed of a three-dimensional hierarchically porous carbon network. The C and N elements of natural Porphyra were introduced into the carbon skeleton during the carbonization process. The large specific surface, dopants, and three-dimensional hierarchically porous carbon network can effectively improve the impedance matching and dielectric dissipation, leading to an excellent electromagnetic wave absorption performance. Especially, the optimal reflection loss (RL) value reached -57.75 dB at 9.68 GHz with a broad bandwidth (RL < -10 dB) value of 7.60 GHz at 3.5 mm. Overall, the results indicate that the PPC can provide a new way to achieve lightweight, effective, and sustainable absorbers.

Key words: Porphyra-derived carbon, Hierarchically porosity, Electromagnetic wave absorption, Broad bandwidth, Lightweight

Juhua Luo, Ziyang Dai, Mengna Feng, Xiaowen Chen, Caihong Sun, Ying Xu. Hierarchically porous carbon derived from natural Porphyra for excellent electromagnetic wave absorption[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 129: 206-214.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the preparation process of PPC samples.

Fig. 2. (a) XRD patterns, (b) Raman spectra, (c) full-scan XPS spectra and high-resolution spectra, (d) C 1s, (e) O 1s, and (f) N 1s of PPC samples.

Fig. 3. FESEM images of (a) PPC-650, (b) PPC-700, (c) PPC-750, and (d) PPC-800, TEM images of (e, f) PPC-750 and mapping images of (g) PPC-750.

Table 1. Textural properties of the samples activated at different temperatures.

Sample	S_BET (m² g^-1)	V_pore (cm³ g^-1)	D_pore (nm)
PPC-650	1145.42	0.58	2.00
PPC-700	1174.40	0.59	2.02
PPC-750	1330.59	0.71	2.11
PPC-800	1376.04	0.70	2.05

Fig. 4. (a) ε′ and (b) ε″ of PPC samples as a function of frequency. Cole-Cole plots of (c) PPC-650, (d) PPC-700, (e) PPC-750, and (f) PPC-800.

Fig. 5. RL and 3D plots of (a, b) PPC-650, (c, d) PPC-700, (e, f) PPC-750, and (g, h) PPC-800.

Fig. 6. Impedance matching characteristic of (a) PPC-650, (b) PPC-700, (c) PPC-750, and (d) PPC-800. (e) α of PPC samples. (f) Comparison of the RL versus EAB for typical biomass-derived carbon materials.

Fig. 7. Schematic illustration of the EMWA mechanisms for PPC samples.

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