J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2022, Vol. 107: 197-206.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.06.079
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Yanxin Qiaoa, Xinyi Wanga, Lanlan Yanga,*(
), Xiaojing Wanga, Jian Chena, Zhengbin Wangb,*(), Huiling Zhoua, Jiasheng Zoua, Fuhui Wangc,d
Received:2021-04-15
Revised:2021-04-15
Accepted:2021-04-15
Published:2022-04-30
Online:2022-04-28
Contact:
Lanlan Yang,Zhengbin Wang
About author:zbwang12s@imr.ac.cn (Z. Wang).Yanxin Qiao, Xinyi Wang, Lanlan Yang, Xiaojing Wang, Jian Chen, Zhengbin Wang, Huiling Zhou, Jiasheng Zou, Fuhui Wang. Effect of aging treatment on microstructure and corrosion behavior of a Fe-18Cr-15Mn-0.66N stainless steel[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 107: 197-206.
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | N | Fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.044 | 0.24 | 15.80 | 0.017 | 0.005 | 18.40 | 0.66 | Bal. |
Table 1 Chemical composition of the HNSS (wt.%).
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | N | Fe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.044 | 0.24 | 15.80 | 0.017 | 0.005 | 18.40 | 0.66 | Bal. |
Fig. 1. Simulated equilibrium property diagram of the HNSS.
Fig. 2. Microstructures of the HNSS after aging at 900 °C for (a) 0 min, (b) 10 min, (c) 20 min, and (d) 60 min.
Fig. 3. XRD pattern of the HNSS after aging at 900 °C for various time.
Fig. 4. SEM morphology and EDS analyses of the precipitates in the HNSS after aging at 900 °C for 60 min.
Fig. 5. Potentiodynamic polarization curves for the HNSS aged at 900 °C for various time in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.
| Time (min) | Ecorr (mVSCE) | icorr (A cm-2) | Ep (mVSCE) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | -170 ± 15 | (2.35 ± 0.18) × 10-7 | 691 ± 10 |
| 10 | -131 ± 11 | (4.35 ± 0.14) × 10-7 | 417 ±15 |
| 20 | -151 ± 9 | (4.62 ± 0.36) × 10-7 | 321 ± 18 |
| 60 | -111 ± 20 | (1.63 ± 0.38) × 10-7 | 221 ± 9 |
Table 2 Electrochemical parameters obtained from the potentiodynamic polarization curves.
| Time (min) | Ecorr (mVSCE) | icorr (A cm-2) | Ep (mVSCE) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | -170 ± 15 | (2.35 ± 0.18) × 10-7 | 691 ± 10 |
| 10 | -131 ± 11 | (4.35 ± 0.14) × 10-7 | 417 ±15 |
| 20 | -151 ± 9 | (4.62 ± 0.36) × 10-7 | 321 ± 18 |
| 60 | -111 ± 20 | (1.63 ± 0.38) × 10-7 | 221 ± 9 |
Fig. 6. Nyquist (a) and Bode (b) plots for the HNSS aged at 900 °C for various time in 3.5 wt. % NaCl solution.
Fig. 7. The equivalent circuit used for quantitative evaluation of EIS spectra.
| Time (min) | Rs(Ω cm2) | Q1(Ω-1 Sn cm-2) | n1 | R1(Ω cm2) | Q2(Ω-1 Sn cm-2) | n2 | R2(Ω cm2) | Rp(Ω cm2) | dox(nm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 7.75 | 5.92 × 10-5 | 0.92 | 1.08 × 105 | 7.18 × 10-5 | 0.80 | 5.27 × 104 | 1.61 × 105 | 10.4 |
| 10 | 7.86 | 4.78 × 10-5 | 0.93 | 9.41 × 104 | 1.37 × 10-4 | 0.81 | 4.68 × 104 | 1.41 × 105 | 5.1 |
| 20 | 8.06 | 4.61 × 10-5 | 0.94 | 9.70 × 104 | 2.47 × 10-4 | 0.86 | 3.20 × 104 | 1.29 × 105 | 3.2 |
| 60 | 8.34 | 3.19 × 10-5 | 0.94 | 7.84 × 104 | 2.98 × 10-4 | 0.89 | 4.86 × 104 | 1.27 × 105 | 3.0 |
Table 3 Equivalent circuit parameters fitted from EIS spectra.
| Time (min) | Rs(Ω cm2) | Q1(Ω-1 Sn cm-2) | n1 | R1(Ω cm2) | Q2(Ω-1 Sn cm-2) | n2 | R2(Ω cm2) | Rp(Ω cm2) | dox(nm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | 7.75 | 5.92 × 10-5 | 0.92 | 1.08 × 105 | 7.18 × 10-5 | 0.80 | 5.27 × 104 | 1.61 × 105 | 10.4 |
| 10 | 7.86 | 4.78 × 10-5 | 0.93 | 9.41 × 104 | 1.37 × 10-4 | 0.81 | 4.68 × 104 | 1.41 × 105 | 5.1 |
| 20 | 8.06 | 4.61 × 10-5 | 0.94 | 9.70 × 104 | 2.47 × 10-4 | 0.86 | 3.20 × 104 | 1.29 × 105 | 3.2 |
| 60 | 8.34 | 3.19 × 10-5 | 0.94 | 7.84 × 104 | 2.98 × 10-4 | 0.89 | 4.86 × 104 | 1.27 × 105 | 3.0 |
| Aging time (min) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| L (nm) | 10.4 | 5.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 |
Table 4 Thickness of the passive film formed on HNSS after aging for various time.
| Aging time (min) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| L (nm) | 10.4 | 5.1 | 3.2 | 3.0 |
Fig. 8. Corrosion morphologies of HNSS aged at 900 °C for (a) 0 min, (b) 10 min, (c) 20 min, (d) 60 min after potentiodynamic polarization tests in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.
Fig. 9. (a) Current plot and (b) log-log plots of current density as a function of time for the HNSS in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.
| Aging time (min) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| iss (A cm-2) | 1.14 × 10-7 | 1.34 × 10-7 | 1.62 × 10-7 | 1.83 × 10-7 |
| k | -0.89 | -0.82 | -0.77 | -0.70 |
Table 5 The values of iss and k for the HNSS aged at 900 °C for various time in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.
| Aging time (min) | 0 | 10 | 20 | 60 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| iss (A cm-2) | 1.14 × 10-7 | 1.34 × 10-7 | 1.62 × 10-7 | 1.83 × 10-7 |
| k | -0.89 | -0.82 | -0.77 | -0.70 |
Fig. 10. Mott-Schottky curves for the HNSS aged at 900 °C for various times in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution.
| Samples | 0 min | 10 min | 20 min | 60 min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND (cm-3) | 1.35 × 1021 | 1.43 × 1021 | 2.11 × 1021 | 2.38 × 1021 |
Table 6 Donor density in the passive film of HNSS.
| Samples | 0 min | 10 min | 20 min | 60 min |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ND (cm-3) | 1.35 × 1021 | 1.43 × 1021 | 2.11 × 1021 | 2.38 × 1021 |
Fig. 11. XPS spectra of the passive films formed on HNSS.
Fig. 12. Detailed Cr 2p3/2 XPS spectra of the passive films formed on the HNSS aged at 900 °C for (a) 0 min, (b) 10 min, (c) 20 min, (d) 60 min, and (e) the percentage of peak area of the Cr-containing mixture.
Fig. 13. The intensity ratio of ICr-ox/ICr-hy on the surface of HNSS for various aging time.
Fig. 14. Detailed N 1S XPS spectra of the passive films formed on the HNSS aged at 900 °C for (a) 0 min, (b) 10 min, (c) 20 min, and (d) 60 min.
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