Densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of multicomponent (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C ceramic prepared by pressureless sintering

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.07.019

Abstract

Abstract:

A multicomponent (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C ceramic has been fabricated by pressureless sintering at temperatures from 2100 °C to 2500 °C, using an equimolar multicomponent carbide powder synthesized by carbothermal reduction as the starting material. Influence of sintering temperature on densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of the ceramics was investigated. The relative density increases with increasing sintering temperature, and a nearly fully dense sample is achieved by pressureless sintering at 2500 °C. Average grain size increases from 3.7 to 15.2 μm with increasing sintering temperature from 2300 to 2500 °C. The (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C ceramic sintered at 2400 °C exhibits a single phase fcc structure with homogeneous chemical composition, an average grain size of 7.0 μm and a relative density of 96.5%, while its measured hardness is 33.2 GPa at 100 mN and 23.2 GPa at 9.8 N.

Key words: Multicomponent carbide ceramic, Pressureless sintering, Microstructure, Mechanical properties

Wen Zhang, Lei Chen, Chenguang Xu, Wenyu Lu, Yujin Wang, Jiahu Ouyang, Yu Zhou. Densification, microstructure and mechanical properties of multicomponent (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C ceramic prepared by pressureless sintering[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 72: 23-28.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1. XRD pattern and typical morphology of as-synthesized carbide powders.

Fig. 2. XRD patterns of (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C ceramics sintered at different temperatures.

Table 1 Lattice parameter, full width at half maximum (FWHM) of (111), relative density and average grain size of (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C samples compared with the data from the literatures.

Sample	Sintering parameter (^oC/MPa/min)	Lattice parameter (nm)	FWHM (111)	Relative density (%)	Average grain size (μm)	Reference
(TiZrHfNbTaMo)C	PS 2100/0/60	0.4488	0.1850	84.4	-	Present Work
	PS 2200/0/60	0.4485	0.1420	91.5	2.8 ± 1.3
	PS 2300/0/60	0.4487	0.1538	95.2	3.7 ± 1.8
	PS 2400/0/60	0.4488	0.1157	96.5	7.0 ± 3.1
	PS 2500/0/60	0.4486	0.1445	97.0	15.2 ± 6.5
(ZrHfNbTa)C	SPS 1800/40/10-2300/16/2	-	-	99	-	[12]
(TiZrHfNbTa)C	SPS 2000/30/5	0.4518	-	93	16.4 ± 0.5	[16]
(TiZrHfNbTa)C	SPS 2200/30/10	0.4510	-	99	-	[22]
(TiZrHfNbTa)C	HP 1800/30/30	0.4497	-	95.3	-	[18]
(TiZrHfNbTa)C	HP 1900/32/60	0.4502	-	99.3	1.2 ± 0.7	[28]
(TiZrNbTaMo)C	HP 1850/30/60-2100/30/30	0.4424	-	98.6	8.8 ± 3.0	[23]

Fig. 3. Relative density and average grain size as a function of sintering temperature for (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C samples.

Fig. 4. SEM micrographs and corresponding EDS mappings of (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C samples sintered at different temperatures: a) 2200 °C, b) 2300 °C, c) 2400 °C, d) 2500 °C.

Fig. 5. TEM analysis of (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C sample sintered at 2400 °C: a) HAADF image; b) HRTEM image; c) SAED pattern and d) corresponding EDS compositional maps.

Fig. 6. a) Vickers’ indentation and nanoindentation hardness of (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C sintered at different temperatures and b) comparison of hardness between (TiZrHfNbTaMo)C ceramics sintered at 2400 °C and other quinary high-entropy carbide ceramics.

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