Distribution control and formation mechanism of gas inclusions in directionally solidified Al2O3-Er3Al5O12-ZrO2 ternary eutectic ceramic by laser floating zone melting

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.03.085

Abstract

Abstract:

Distribution control and formation mechanism of gas inclusions formed in directionally solidified Al₂O₃-Er₃Al₅O₁₂-ZrO₂ eutectic ceramic rods are explored during laser floating zone melting. In atmospheric environment, highly-dense bubble-free eutectic rods are well fabricated at low solidification rate (<25 μm/s). Gas inclusions form intermittently when the solidification rate is in the range of 25-50 μm/s, but produce continuously at higher solidification rates (100-200 μm/s). The gas inclusions exhibit an elongated finger-like pattern along the growth direction, which of the maximum value of diameter first increases and then decreases with increasing the solidification rate. Meanwhile, the volume fraction of gas inclusions increased gradually with the solidification rate. Based on the effect of surface tension gradient, heterogeneous nucleation of gas bubbles is evaluated to be the primary formation mechanism of gas inclusions.

Key words: Directional solidification, Gas inclusions, Eutectic oxide, Laser floating zone melting, Formation mechanism

Haijun Su, Yuan Liu, Qun Ren, Zhonglin Shen, Haifang Liu, Di Zhao, Guangrao Fan, Min Guo, Jun Zhang, Lin Liu, Hengzhi Fu. Distribution control and formation mechanism of gas inclusions in directionally solidified Al₂O₃-Er₃Al₅O₁₂-ZrO₂ ternary eutectic ceramic by laser floating zone melting[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 66: 21-27.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the LFZM apparatus (a) and photographs of LFZM procedure of Al2O3-based DSEC specimen (b, c).

Fig. 2. Microstructures of the Al2O3-EAG-ZrO2 ternary DSEC specimens obtained at different solidification rates of 10 μm/s (a) and 400 μm/s (b).

Fig. 3. Transverse cross-section photographs of the Al2O3-EAG-ZrO2 DSECs grown at different solidification rates in atmosphere environment: (a) 25 μm/s; (b) 50 μm/s; (c) 200 μm/s.

Fig. 4. Maximum diameters and numbers of pores in the Al2O3-EAG-ZrO2 DSEC rods fabricated at different solidification rates.

Fig. 5. Porosities proportion in the Al2O3-EAG-ZrO2 DSEC rods at different solidification rates.

Fig. 6. Longitudinal cross-section view of pore morphologies of the Al2O3-EAG-ZrO2 DSECs at different solidification rates in atmosphere environment: (a) 50 μm/s, SEM photograph; (a1) 50 μm/s, diagram of bubble characteristic; (b) 200 μm/s, SEM photograph; (b1) 200 μm/s, diagram of bubble characteristic.

Fig. 7. Probable formation process of gas inclusions during LFZM processing: (a) force analysis of the gas bubble; (b) gas bubble nucleation and growth; (c) gas bubble coalesce.

Fig. 8. Distribution analyzation of the gas inclusions at different solidification rates (V1< V2< V3< V4): (a) V1; (b) V2; (c) V3; (d) V4. Symbols of 1-3 represent the diagrams of gas formation process (symbol 1: a1-d1); transverse cross-sectional distributions (symbol 2: a2-d2); and longitudinal cross-sectional distributions (symbol 3: a3-d3).

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Distribution control and formation mechanism of gas inclusions in directionally solidified Al₂O₃-Er₃Al₅O₁₂-ZrO₂ ternary eutectic ceramic by laser floating zone melting

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