Microstructure evolution of peritectic Al-18 at.% Ni alloy directionally solidified in high magnetic fields

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.004

Abstract

Abstract:

The effect of a high magnetic field on the microstructural evolution of a peritectic Al―18 at.% Ni alloy during directional solidification and its dependence on pulling speed were investigated. At a low pulling speed, the application of a 2 T magnetic field triggered the appearance of a primary Al₃Ni₂ phase. At higher pulling speeds, a high magnetic field application induced primary Al₃Ni₂ phase segregation that formed close to the central alloy regions. For all pulling speeds, the application of a high magnetic field induced bulk Al₃Ni/Al eutectic formation on the upper and lower parts of the alloys, and promoted elongated growth of the peritectic Al₃Ni phase along the magnetic field direction. Microstructural analysis indicated that microstructural evolution that was induced by high magnetic fields can be attributed to solute migration and melt flow that is regulated by magnetic, Lorentz, and thermoelectric magnetic forces and their coupling effects during peritectic solidification.

Key words: High magnetic field, Peritectic reaction, Directional solidification, Microstructure

Yubao Xiao, Tie Liu, Yuxin Tong, Meng Dong, Jinshan Li, Jun Wang, Qiang Wang. Microstructure evolution of peritectic Al-18 at.% Ni alloy directionally solidified in high magnetic fields[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 76: 51-59.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1. Partial Al―Ni binary alloy phase diagram [16].

Fig. 2. Typical microstructure of Al-18 at.% Ni alloy and phase composition: (a) Al-18 at.% Ni master alloy microstructure; (b) primary Al3Ni2 phase composition; (c) peritectic Al3Ni phase composition; (d) Al3Ni/Al eutectic composition; (e) directionally solidified Al-18 at.% Ni alloy microstructure (without high magnetic field, V =5 μm/s); (f) enlarged Al3Ni/Al eutectic microstructure.

Fig. 3. Panoramic and local microstructure of Al-18 at.% Ni alloy in longitudinal section directionally solidified at pulling speed of 5 μm/s and at different magnetic flux densities: (a)-(e) B = 0 T; (f)-(j) B = 1 T; (k)-(o) B = 2 T. Microstructures on the transverse section marked by dashed lines are shown in Fig. 6 in which the upper lines correspond to (a), (b), and (c), while the lower lines correspond to (d), (e), and (f).

Fig. 4. Panoramic and local microstructure of Al-18 at.% Ni alloy in longitudinal section directionally solidified at different pulling speeds and magnetic flux densities: (a)-(f) 20 μm/s, 0 T; (g)-(l) 20 μm/s, 1 T; (m)-(r) 100 μm/s, 0 T; (s)-(x) 100 μm/s, 1 T. Microstructures on the transverse section marked by dashed lines are shown in Fig. 7 in which the upper lines correspond to (a), (b), (c), and (d), while the lower lines correspond to (e), (f), (g), and (h).

Fig. 5. Relative content of primary Al3Ni2 phase in the directionally solidified Al-18 at.%Ni alloy at different pulling speeds and magnetic fields.

Fig. 6. Microstructures on the transverse section of the Al-18 at.% Ni alloy directionally solidified at pulling speed of 5 μm/s and at different magnetic flux densities: (a) and (d) B = 0 T; (b) and (e) B = 1 T; (c) and (f) B = 2 T.

Fig. 7. Microstructures on the transverse section of the Al-18 at.% Ni alloy directionally solidified at different pulling speeds and magnetic flux densities: (a) and (e) 20 μm/s, 0 T; (b) and (f) 20 μm/s, 1 T; (c) and (g) 100 μm/s, 0 T; (d) and (h) 100 μm/s, 1 T.

Fig. 8. Solid/liquid interface microstructures of quenched Al-18 at.% Ni alloy at different pulling speeds without and with magnetic fields: (a) V =5 μm/s, B = 0 T; (b) V =20 μm/s, B = 0 T; (c) V =100 μm/s, B = 0 T; (d) V =5 μm/s, B = 1 T; (e) V =20 μm/s, B = 1 T; (f) V =100 μm/s, B = 1 T.

Fig. 9. Schematic of (a) content change of solute Ni and (b) microstructural evolution of Al-18 at.% Ni alloy directionally solidified without magnetic field.

Fig. 10. Schematic of (a) content change of solute Ni and (b) microstructural evolution of Al-18 at.% Ni alloy that was directionally solidified in a magnetic field.

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