Simultaneously enhanced heat dissipation and tribological properties of polyphenylene sulfide-based composites via constructing segregated network structure

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.05.043

Abstract

Abstract:

Self-lubricating polyphenylene sulfide (PPS) composites were fabricated by constructing a segregated network structure using the co-deposition method. Both carboxyl-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and silicon carbide (SiC) were successfully coated on the surface of PPS powders with the aid of self-polymerization of dopamine (PDA) and co-polymerization between PDA and polyethyleneimine (PEI), thereby forming PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC hierarchical reinforcing hybrids. Results showed that the thermal conductivity of PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC (0.97 W/(m K)) is about 120% higher than that of PPS/CNTs/SiC. The friction coefficient (0.193) and specific wear rate (2.50 × 10^-5 mm³/(N m)) of PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC are 18.9% and 50% lower than those of PPS/CNTs/SiC, respectively. The enhanced thermal conductivity of PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC contributes to rapid dissipation of frictional heat at the sliding interface which protects the polymer substrate from being destroyed or peeled, thereby improving the tribological performance. This work provides new insights into expanding the application of self-lubricating polymer composites in the fields where efficient heat dissipation is also a primary concern.

Key words: Polyphenylene sulfide, Segregated network, Thermal conductivity, Self-lubricating polymer composites, Transfer film

You Shi, Yang Bai, Yanzhou Lei, Haoruo Zhang, Shengtai Zhou, Huawei Zou, Mei Liang, Yang Chen. Simultaneously enhanced heat dissipation and tribological properties of polyphenylene sulfide-based composites via constructing segregated network structure[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 99: 239-250.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1. (A) Schematic diagram for preparing PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC composites; (B) the diagram for preparing PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC via co-deposition method; SEM images of (C) pure PPS powder; (D) PPS@PDA-CNTs; (E, F) PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC.

Fig. 2. (A) FTIR spectra, (B) Raman spectra, (C) thermogravimetric analysis and (D) XRD spectra of pure PPS and modified PPS.

Fig. 3. XPS survey spectra and corresponding C 1s high-resolution spectra of (A1, A2) pure PPS; (B1, B2) PPS@PDA; (C1, C2) PPS@PDA-CNTs; (D1, D2) PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC composites, respectively.

Fig. 4. (A) Thermal conductivity (λ) of pure PPS, PPS/SiC, PPS/CNTs/SiC and PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC composites; (B) the real-time evolution of surface temperature and (C) optical infrared images of pure PPS and corresponding composites. The optical images were taken every 10 s ranging from 0 to 100 s.

Fig. 5. SEM images of the cryo-fractured surface of (A) pure PPS; (B) melt blended PPS/SiC; (C) melt blended PPS/CNTs/SiC; (D) PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC. Insert images: POM images of pure PPS and PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC.

Fig. 6. Rheological behavior of pure PPS, PPS/SiC, PPS/CNTs/SiC and PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC composites. (A) Storage modulus (G′); (B) loss modulus (G′′); (C) complex viscosity (η?); (D) G′ as a function of G′′ with increasing frequency.

Fig. 7. (A) Transient friction coefficient; (B) average friction coefficient and specific wear rate of pure PPS and corresponding composites.

Fig. 8. (A) The friction torque and (B) online friction temperature of pure PPS and corresponding composites as a function of time.

Fig. 9. (A1-D1) Schematic diagram and (A2-D2) SEM images at the worn surface of pure PPS and corresponding composites; (C3, C4) EDS images of the worn surface of PPS/CNTs/SiC; (D3, D4) EDS images of the worn surface of PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC; (E) shore-D hardness of PPS-based composites.

Fig. 10. Optical images and 3D topography of the worn surface of (A1, A2) pure PPS; (B1, B2) PPS/SiC; (C, C2) PPS/CNTs/SiC and (D1, D2) PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC composites.

Table 1 The roughness (Ra) of the worn surface of PPS and corresponding composites.

Sample	Pure PPS	PPS/SiC	PPS/CNTs/SiC	PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC
R_a	1.88	32.49	23.89	5.86

Fig. 11. Elemental analysis of transfer film on the worn surface of friction pair of (A1-A5) PPS/CNTs/SiC and (B1-B5) PPS@PDA-CNTs-SiC composites.

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