Magnetic coupling engineered porous dielectric carbon within ultralow filler loading toward tunable and high-performance microwave absorption

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.08.059

Abstract

Abstract:

Developing microwave absorption (MA) materials with satisfied comprehensive performance is a great challenge for tackling severe electromagnetic pollution. In particular, the magnetic component/carbon hybrids absorbers always suffer from high filler loading. Herein, we propose a feasible strategy to construct hierarchical porous carbon with tightly embedded Ni nanoparticles (Ni@NPC). These highly dispersed Ni nanoparticles produce strong magnetic coupling networks to enhance magnetic loss abilities. Moreover, the interconnected hierarchical dielectric carbon network affords favorable dipolar/interfacial polarization, conduction loss, multiple reflection and scattering. Impressively, with an ultralow filler loading of 5 wt.%, the resultant Ni@NPC/paraffin composite achieves an excellent MA performance with a minimum reflection loss of as high as -72.4 dB and a broad absorption bandwidth of 5.0 GHz. This capability outperforms most current magnetic-dielectric hybrids counterparts. Furthermore, the MA capacity can be easily tuned with adjustments in thickness, content and type of magnetic material. Thus, this work opens up new avenues for the development of high-performance and lightweight MA materials.

Key words: Hierarchical porous carbon, Magnetic nanoparticles, Magnetic coupling, Ultralow filler loading, High-performance microwave absorption

Wang Yang, Bo Jiang, Zhihui Liu, Rui Li, Liqiang Hou, Zhengxuan Li, Yongli Duan, Xingru Yan, Fan Yang, Yongfeng Li. Magnetic coupling engineered porous dielectric carbon within ultralow filler loading toward tunable and high-performance microwave absorption[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 70: 214-223.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic illustration of the synthesis of Ni@NPC hybrids. (b) The Ni content in Ni@NPC-1, Ni@NPC-2 and Ni@NPC-3 hybrids as calculated from ICP. (c) XRD patterns of NPC, Ni@NPC-1, Ni@NPC-2 and Ni@NPC-3 samples.

Fig. 2. (a) Raman spectra of NPC, Ni@NPC-1, Ni@NPC-2 and Ni@NPC-3 samples. (b) The XPS survey spectrum of NPC and Ni@NPC-2 samples. High-resolution XPS spectra of Ni 2p (c) and N 1s (d) of Ni@NPC-2.

Fig. 3. SEM images of NPC (a), Ni@NPC-1 (b), Ni@NPC-2 (c-d), and Ni@NPC-3 (e-f) samples.

Fig. 4. TEM images of NPC (a, b) and Ni@NPC-2 (c, d). The inset in (c) is the corresponding SAED pattern of Ni@NPC-2 hybrid. (e) Intensity profile plots of the calibration for measuring the interlayer spacing in panels. (f) A TEM image of Ni@NPC-3 hybrid.

Fig. 5. Electromagnetic parameters of NPC/paraffin, Ni@NPC-1/paraffin, Ni@NPC-2/paraffin, and Ni@NPC-3/paraffin samples: the complex permittivity real part (a) and imaginary part (b), (c) dielectric loss tangent, the complex permeability real part (d) and imaginary part (e), (f) magnetic loss tangent, Frequency dependence of C0 values (g), attenuation constant α (h), and the modulus of Zin-1 (i).

Fig. 6. Reflection loss curves of NPC/paraffin (a), Ni@NPC-1/paraffin (b), Ni@NPC-2/paraffin (c) and Ni@NPC-3/paraffin (d) samples at different thicknesses in the frequency range of 2-18 GHz. (e) The comparison of RL values for four samples.

Fig. 7. (a) Schematic illustration of MA mechanism of Ni@NPC samples. (b) Comparison of the MA performances of this work and recently reported absorbers.

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