Freestanding nanosheets of 1T-2H hybrid MoS2 as electrodes for efficient sodium storage

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.08.030

Abstract

Abstract:

Molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂) is a promising electrode material for sodium-ion batteries as it offers a large capacity through a distinct conversion reaction. However, the electrochemical potential of MoS₂ is often restrained by the poor conductivity as the dominant 2H phase is a semiconductor while the metallic 1T phase is thermodynamically unstable. In this work, we report a hybrid design and material preparation of freestanding nanosheets of MoS₂ composed of both 1T and 2H phases based on mild hydrothermal reaction. The introduction of the metallic 1T-MoS₂ phase into 2H-MoS₂ and their intimate hybridization enable a significant improvement in electronic conductivity, while the freestanding architecture avoids possible electrochemical aggregation. When used as electrodes for sodium storage, such a hybrid MoS₂ affords a high capacity of ~500 mA h g ^-1 at 0.5 A g ^-1 after 300 cycles, and retains capacity of ~200 mA h g ^-1 at a high current rate of 4 A g ^-1, thus demonstrating their potential in high-performance battery applications.

Key words: Molybdenum disulfide, Sodium-ion battery, Hybrid, Finite element modeling

Haiyang Yu, Zhenzhu Wang, Jiangfeng Ni, Liang Li. Freestanding nanosheets of 1T-2H hybrid MoS₂ as electrodes for efficient sodium storage[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 67: 237-242.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Schematic diagram of the synthesis of freestanding nanosheets of 1T-2H MoS2 on carbon cloth.

Fig. 2. Structural characterization of as-prepared MoS2 samples. (a) XRD patterns of 1T-2H MoS2 and 2H-MoS2. (b) Raman spectra of 1T-2H MoS2 and 2H-MoS2. Core-level XPS spectra of Mo 3d (c) and S 2p (d) for 2H-MoS2. Core-level XPS spectra of Mo 3d (e) and S 2p (f) for 1T-2H MoS2.

Fig. 3. SEM and TEM imaging of 1T-2H MoS2. (a) SEM, (b) low-magnification TEM, and (c) high-magnification TEM images. (d)-(f) Element mapping of Mo and S by energy dispersive spectroscopy.

Fig. 4. Electrochemical performance of 1T-2H MoS2. (a) Charge and discharge pro?les and (b) CV profiles. (c) Cycling performance at a fixed rate of 0.5 A g-1. (d) Rate cycling performance at varied current rates. The performance of 2H-MoS2 is presented for comparison in (c, d).

Table 1 Electrochemical sodium storage of 1T-2H MoS2 in comparison with those of recently reported MoS2 based anodes.

Materials	Cycling stability (mAh g^-1)	Rate capability (mAh g^-1)	Refs.
3D MoS₂/graphene	480/50 cycles at 0.2 A g^-1	322 at 1.5 A g^-1	[16]
1T MoS₂/graphene	313/200 cycles at 0.05 A g^-1	175 at 2 A g^-1	[38]
MoS₂/C-CNT	518/300 cycles at 0.2 A g^-1	416 at 2 A g^-1	[46]
CC@C@MoS₂	570/100 cycles at 0.2 A g^-1	235 at 2 A g^-1	[47]
Mo_1-_xS₂	384/100 cycles at 0.1 A g^-1	226 at 5 A g^-1	[48]
MoS_2-_x	350/1000 cycles at 2 A g^-1	262 at 5 A g^-1	[49]
1T-2H MoS₂	522/300 cycles at 0.5 A g^-1	254 at 4 A g^-1	This work

Fig. 5. Evolution of Na+ concentration in 1T-2H MoS2 upon discharge at current densities of 50 mA m-2 (a) and 100 mA m-2 (b).

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Freestanding nanosheets of 1T-2H hybrid MoS₂ as electrodes for efficient sodium storage

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