Effects of d-Phenylalanine as a biocide enhancer of THPS against the microbiologically influenced corrosion of C1018 carbon steel

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.09.011

Abstract

Abstract:

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) is caused by biofilms such as those of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB). To mitigate MIC, biocide treatment is often needed. Tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate (THPS) is an environmentally friendly biocide that is often used in the oil and gas industry. However, its prolonged use leads to biocide resistance, leading to dosage escalation. A biocide enhancer can be used to slow down the trend. In recent years, d-amino acids have been investigated as an enhancer for THPS and other biocides. Published works used anaerobic vials and flow devices, which could not reveal the real-time changes of the biocide treatment on corrosion. In this work, it was proven that the biocide enhancement effects of d-Phenylalanine (d-Phe) on THPS against the Desulfovibrio vulgaris biofilm on C1018 carbon steels could be assessed in real time using linear polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy to collaborate sessile cell count, weight loss and pitting depth data. The results showed that 500?ppm (w/w) d-Phe effectively enhanced 80?ppm THPS against MIC by the D. vulgaris (a corrosive SRB) biofilm. The sessile cell count and pit depth were all reduced with the enhancement of d-Phe.

Key words: d-amino acid, THPS, SRB, Corrosion, Biofilm

Jin Xu, Ru Jia, Dongqing Yang, Cheng Sun, Tingyue Gu. Effects of d-Phenylalanine as a biocide enhancer of THPS against the microbiologically influenced corrosion of C1018 carbon steel[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(1): 109-117.

Figures/Tables 15

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Parameter	Condition
SRB strain	D. vulgaris (ATCC 7757)
Temperature	37?°C
Culture medium	ATCC 1249
Biocide	80?ppm THPS
Biocide enhancer	500?ppm d-Phenylalanine
Incubation time	7 days
Coupon	C1018 carbon steel

Parameter	Condition
SRB strain	D. vulgaris (ATCC 7757)
Temperature	37?°C
Culture medium	ATCC 1249
Biocide	80?ppm THPS
Biocide enhancer	500?ppm d-Phenylalanine
Incubation time	7 days
Coupon	C1018 carbon steel

Condition	Planktonic cell count (cells?ml^-1)	Sessile cell count (cells?cm^-2)
Control (i.e., not treatment)	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸
80?ppm THPS	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸	3.3?×?10⁶-3.3?×?10⁷
80?ppm THPS?+?500?ppm d-Phe	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸	3.3?×?10⁴-3.3?×?10⁵

Condition	Planktonic cell count (cells?ml^-1)	Sessile cell count (cells?cm^-2)
Control (i.e., not treatment)	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸
80?ppm THPS	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸	3.3?×?10⁶-3.3?×?10⁷
80?ppm THPS?+?500?ppm d-Phe	3.3?×?10⁷-3.3?×?10⁸	3.3?×?10⁴-3.3?×?10⁵

Time days	Condition	E_OCP^* mV	E_corr mV	i_corr μA?cm^-2	β_a mV	β_c mV
0.5	Control	-604	-705	60.4	390	-^**
	THPS	-653	-679	1.57	76.3	105
	THPS?+?d-Phe	-636	-664	1.13	73.5	93.7
2	Control	-526	-647	19.1	180	-^**
	THPS	-663	-696	1.53	79.1	99.2
	THPS?+?d-Phe	-646	-671	0.93	61.1	86.5
4	Control	-528	-625	2.95	154	-^**
	THPS	-461	-551	1.26	162	-^**
	THPS?+?d-Phe	-650	-678	1.84	254	184
7	Control	-524	-711	5.47	332	-^**
	THPS	-459	-611	0.74	294	-^**
	THPS?+?d-Phe	-656	-673	2.65	287	123