Analysis of the formation process and performance of magnetic Fe3O4@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) absorbent prepared by in-situ synthesis

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2017.07.007

Abstract

Abstract:

The morphology evolution of the mesoporous magnetic composite nanospheres Fe₃O₄@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) during the formation process and its absorption property of Congo red were studied in this study. A simple solvothermal method was applied for the fabrication of Fe₃O₄@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) composites with regular structure and uniform size distribution in the presence of 4-vinylpyridine as the structure inducer. The morphology, structure and magnetism performance were characterized and the adsorption model and mechanism were discussed. The results showed that the Fe₃O₄@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) composites were efficient adsorbent for the removal of Congo red from water and it could be reused by a magnetic separation. The adsorption isotherm of Congo red on Fe₃O₄@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) composites was fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption model.

Key words: Magnetic nanospheres, In-situ synthesis, Absorbent, Formation mechanism, Porous

Birong Zeng, Li Yang, Wei Zheng, Jihong Zhu, Xiaojun Ma, Xinyu Liu, Conghui Yuan, Yiting Xu, Lizong Dai. Analysis of the formation process and performance of magnetic Fe₃O₄@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) absorbent prepared by in-situ synthesis[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(6): 999-1007.

Figures/Tables 12

Table 1 Ten samples of Fe3O4 nanospheres prepared by solvothermal method.

Sample	a₁	a₂	a₃	a₄	a₅	A₁	A₂	A₃	A₄	A₅
Molar ratio	[FeCl₃·6H₂O]: [NaAc] = 1: 14					[FeCl₃·6H₂O]:[NaAc]:[4-VP] = 1: 14: 2
Reaction time (h)	2	4	8	12	24	2	4	8	12	24

Fig. 1. SEM images of Fe3O4 nanospheres of samples a1-a5 prepared without 4-VP for (a) 2, (b) 4, (c) 8, (d) 12 and (e) 24 h reaction time. (f) Magnified image of (c). SEM images of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites of samples A1-A5 prepared with 4-VP for (g) 2, (h) 4, (i) 8, (j) 12 and (k) 24 h reaction time. (?) Magnified image of (i).

Fig. 2. XRD spectra of Fe3O4 nanospheres of samples a1-a5 prepared without 4-VP for (a) 2, (b) 4, (c) 8, (d) 12 and (e) 24 h reaction time. XRD spectra of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites of samples A1-A5 prepared with 4-VP for (g) 2, (h) 4, (i) 8, (j) 12 and (k) 24 h reaction time.

Fig. 3. TEM images of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites of samples A2-A5 prepared with 4-VP for (a) 4, (b) 8, (c) 12 and (d) 24 h reaction time. The inset in (b) shows an electron-diffraction pattern of sample A3.

Scheme 1. Schematic illustration of proposed formation mechanisms of Fe3O4 nanospheres and mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites.

Fig. 4. FT-IR spectra of (a) 4-VP, (b) Fe3O4 nanospheres of sample a3, and (c) mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites of sample A3.

Fig. 5. EDX elemental maps of Fe, O, C, N of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites.

Fig. 6. (a) TG characterization of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites, (b) magnetic hysteresis curves of Fe3O4 nanospheres and Fe3O4@P4-VP composites, (c) nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of Fe3O4 nanospheres, and (d) nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms of Fe3O4@P4-VP composites. The insets are the corresponding pore size distribution curves.

Fig. 7. (a) UV absorption curve of Congo red, (b) the standard concentration curve for Congo red, (c) the relationship of adsorption capacity vs adsorption time of Congo red on Fe3O4 nanospheres, (d) adsorption isotherm of Congo red on mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites. The inset is the Langmuir fitting line.

Table 2 Isotherm parameters for the adsorption of Congo red on sample A4.

T (K)	Langmuir model			Freundlich model
	Q_m(mg g^-1)	K_L	R²	K_F	1/n	R²
298	151.5	1.3	0.9996	96.4	0.13	0.8359

Fig. 8. pH effect on the equilibrium adsorption capacity of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites.

Fig. 9. Reusability of mesoporous Fe3O4@P4-VP composites for five cycles.

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Analysis of the formation process and performance of magnetic Fe₃O₄@Poly(4-vinylpyridine) absorbent prepared by in-situ synthesis

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