Direct electrospinned La2O3 nanowires decorated with metal particles: Novel 1 D adsorbents for rapid removal of dyes in wastewater

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2019.11.030

Abstract

Abstract:

Inorganic nanocomposites have attracted continuous attention as low cost and eco-friendly adsorbents. However, low adsorption rate and poor cycle performance limit their further application. Herein, lanthanum oxide (LO) ceramic nanowires decorated with nickel nanoparticles (NiNPs) have been synthesized by a facile electrospinning method. The decomposition of polymer precursor left high pore volume in the resultant ceramic nanowires, giving the nanowires a high surface area. The NiNPs-LO nanowires can remove various dye contaminants with adsorption rate constant higher than most adsorbents. More importantly, the NiNPs-LO nanowires can be separated and reused conveniently with stable cyclic performance, avoiding not only energy consumption but also secondary pollution. The adsorption performance fits well with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isothermal model, indicating a monolayer adsorption process. Combined with structural and FT-IR analysis, the excellent adsorption ability is mainly ascribed to the electron interaction between the composite interfaces and contaminates under the assistance of high surface area and porosity. This work provides an ideal recyclable adsorbent for the ultra-fast water purification.

Key words: Nanocomposites, Adsorption, Nanowires, Water purification

Yan Xing, Jing Cheng, Jian Wu, Mengfei Zhang, Xing-ao Li, Wei Pan. Direct electrospinned La₂O₃ nanowires decorated with metal particles: Novel 1 D adsorbents for rapid removal of dyes in wastewater[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 45: 84-91.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1. XRD patterns of NiNPs-LO nanowires that treated under different atmosphere and temperatures.

Fig. 2. Morphology characterization of NiNPs-LO nanowires. (a) The SEM image of precursor nanowires. (b) and (c) SEM and TEM images of NiNPs-LO nanowires with 6 at.% Ni with EDS mapping of La, O and Ni. (d) TEM image of ultra-thin cross section slice of nanowires with EDS mapping inside. (e) HRTEM images of the composite interface.

Fig. 3. N2 adsorption-desorption isothermal curves (a) and pore size distribution (b) of NiNPs-LO nanowires.

Fig. 4. Effects of Ni contains (a) and heat treatment procedure (b) on the RhB removal efficiency.

Fig. 5. Adsorption kinetic curves of RhB adsorption onto NiNPs-LO nanowires and the corresponding fitting results of pseudo-first-order and pseudo-second-order models.

Table 1 Kinetic model parameters for the adsorption of RhB onto the NiNPs-LO nanowires.

Pseudo-first-order			Pseudo-second-order
K₁ (min^-1)	q_e (mg g^-1)	R²	K₂ (g mg^-1 min^-1)	q_e (mg g^-1)	R²
0.037	36.1	0.892	0.058	42.2	0.994

Table 2 RhB uptake properties of recently reported adsorbents.

Adsorbents	k₂ (g mg^-1 min^-1)	Equilibrium time (min)	Ref.
Carbon coated monolith	32 × 10^-5	2000	[21]
PA-RGO	0.020	50	[22]
Nanoporous PDVB-VI	0.0024	50	[18]
BPH-AC	8.50 × 10^-5	300	[18]
CZIF-8	12 × 10^-4	100	[28]
UIO-66	0.00473	20	[23]
kaolinite	0.0023	90	[24]
Natural zeolite	0.0015	50	[25]
Iron-pillared bentonite	0.00108	80	[26]
BiOI	4.87 × 10^-4	30	[27]
NiNPs-LO nanowires	0.055	10	This work

Fig. 6. Adsorption isotherms of RhB adsorption onto NiNPs-LO nanowires (a) and the corresponding Langmuir (b) and Freundlich (c) models’ fitting curves.

Table 3 Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm parameters for the adsorption of RhB onto the NiNPs-LO nanowires.

	Langmuir			Freundlich
K_L (L mg^-1)	q_e (mg g^-1)	R²	K_F (mg g^-1)	1/n	R²
6.18	39.65	0.996	28.27	0.246	0.759

Fig. 7. The rapid uptake of CV (a) and MB (b) by NiNPs-LO nanowires (1 mg L-1) and the corresponding color changes (c).

Fig. 8. (a) Cyclic performance of NiNPs-LO nanowires. (b) SEM images of nanowires after adsorption and regenerated.

Fig. 9. The mechanism of dyes adsorption on the NiNPs-LO nanowires. (a) Band structure of the composite structure and the illustration of the adsorption process. (b) FT-IR spectra of the NiNPs-LO nanowires (black line), RhB (red line) and the NiNPs-LO nanowires with adsorbed RhB (orange line).

References 43

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Direct electrospinned La₂O₃ nanowires decorated with metal particles: Novel 1 D adsorbents for rapid removal of dyes in wastewater

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