Effect of ZnO Electrodeposited on Carbon Film and Decorated with Metal Nanoparticles for Solar Hydrogen Production

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2016.08.010

Abstract

Abstract:

In this study, we prepared horn-like ZnO structures on carbon films (ZnO/CF) by electrodeposition and decorated the ZnO horns with different metals (Ag, Au, and Pt) via photodeposition (M-ZnO/CF). Using M-ZnO/CF as photocatalysts, we examined ways to enhance solar hydrogen production from various points of view, such as modifying the intrinsic physical properties and thermodynamics of the materials, and varying the chemical environment during M-ZnO/CF fabrication. In particular, we focused on the effects of the carbon film and metals in M-ZnO/CF hybrid photocatalysts on solar hydrogen production. The type of metal nanoparticles is an important factor in solar hydrogen production because the deposition rate and electrical conductivity of each metal affect the proton-water reduction ability.

Key words: Solar hydrogen production, ZnO horn, Carbon film, Metal nanoparticle, Electrodeposition

Kwang Kim Young,Seo Hye-Jin,Kim Soonhyun,Hwang Sung-Ho,Park Hyunwoong,Kyoo Lim Sang. Effect of ZnO Electrodeposited on Carbon Film and Decorated with Metal Nanoparticles for Solar Hydrogen Production[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2016, 32(10): 1058-1065.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1. Schematic fabrication illustration of ZnO/CF photodeposited with metal (Ag, Au, and Pt) nanoparticles.

Fig. 2. FE-SEM images of samples: (a) ZnO/CF, (b) Ag-ZnO/CF, (c) Au-ZnO/CF, and (d) Pt-ZnO/CF. Energy-dispersive spectra (EDS) of samples: (e) ZnO/CF, (f) Ag-ZnO/CF, (g) Au-ZnO/CF, and (h) Pt-ZnO/CF.

Table 1 Comparison of physicochemical properties, adsorption capacities for [Zn2+] and [Mn+], and solar hydrogen production of CF, ZnO NPs, ZnO/CF, and M-ZnO/CFs

Samples	Electrical conductivity (S m^-1)	[Zn²⁺]_ads (μmol cm^-2)^a	[Mⁿ⁺]_ads (μmol cm^-2)^b	[H₂] (μmol)^c
CF	8.826 × 10²	-	-	-
ZnO NP	-	-	-	6.2
ZnO/CF	7.343 × 10²	0.553	-	10.7
Ag-ZnO/CF	8.709 × 10²	0.566	0.183	13.6
Au-ZnO/CF	8.582 × 10²	0.546	0.077	12.5
Pt-ZnO/CF	7.636 × 10²	0.550	0.063	11.7

Fig. 3. High-resolution TEM images of samples: (a) ZnO/CF, (b) Ag-ZnO/CF, (c) Au-ZnO/CF, and (d) Pt-ZnO/CF. Left inset figures: TEM elemental mapping images. Upper-right inset figures: selected-area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns. Lower-right inset figures: bright-field TEM image of each sample.

Fig. 4. XRD patterns of ZnO/CF, Ag-ZnO/CF, Au-ZnO/CF and Pt-ZnO/CF.

Fig. 5. Plot of hydrogen generation over time for ZnO NP, ZnO/CF, and M-ZnO/CFs. Inset figure: bar graph of amount of hydrogen generated by ZnO NPs, ZnO/CF and M-ZnO/CFs after 3-h reaction.

Fig. 6. UV-visible absorption spectra of ZnO NP, CF, ZnO/CF and M-ZnO/CFs. Inset figure: photographs of suspensions of ZnO NPs, CF, ZnO/CF and M-ZnO/CFs ([sample] = 1 g L-1).

Fig. 7. SEM images of Ag-ZnO/CF prepared using Ag precursors with different concentrations: (a) 0.1 mM; (b) 0.5 mM; (c) 1 mM; (d) 2 mM.

Fig. 8. Plot of hydrogen generation over time for Ag-ZnO/CFs prepared using Ag precursors with different concentrations.

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