Specific Capacitance and Cyclic Stability of Graphene Based Metal/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: A Review

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2014.12.012

Abstract

Abstract: Graphene has become a worldwide admired material among researchers and scientists equally due to its unique richness in mechanical strength, electrical conductivity, optical and thermal properties. Researchers have explored that the composite materials based on graphene and metal/metal oxide nanostructures possess excellent potential for energy storage technologies. In particular, supercapacitors based on such composite materials have engrossed the extreme interest of researchers for its rapid charging/discharging time, safe operation and longer cyclic constancy. Till now, several fabrication techniques for composite materials and their energy storage applications have been explored. Here, specially, we have concentrated on the hottest research progress for the fabrication of graphene oxide and metal/metal oxide nanocomposites. We also emphasized on the characteristics and properties of supercapacitors fabricated using these composite materials. Moreover, our study is focused on the specific capacitance and cyclic stability of various composites to haul out the most efficient material for supercapacitor applications.

Key words: Graphene, Metal/metal oxide nanostructure, Supercapacitor

Abdul Waheed Anwar, Abdul Majeed, Nadeem Iqbal, Wasi Ullah, Ahmad Shuaib, Usman Ilyas, Fozia Bibi, Hafiz Muhammad Rafique. Specific Capacitance and Cyclic Stability of Graphene Based Metal/Metal Oxide Nanocomposites: A Review[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2015, 31(7): 699-707.

Figures/Tables 6

Types of supercapacitors and the commonly used electrode materials for their synthesis.

(a) Representation of graphene oxide layer, (b) graphene layers, (c) graphene layers after the attachment of metal or metal oxide nanoparticles.

(a) CV curves of Fe3O4/RGO (FG) composite with different amounts of RGO at different scan rates, (b) specific capacitance of FG-0.2, FG-0.4 and FG-0.8 as a function of the scan rate, (c) galvanostatic charge/discharge curves of FG-0.8 at 0.5, 1, 3, 5 and 10 A g-1, (d) cyclic performance of FG-0.8 and pure Fe3O4 at a scan rate of 100 mV s-1[53].

(a) CV of 90% MnO-10% mw RGO asymmetric supercapacitor at various scan rates, (b) galvanostatic charge/discharge tests for varying current rates, (c) interfacial capacity versus cycle number at a current density of 0.5 A g-1[62].

(a) Cyclic voltammograms of Ni(OH)2/Ni/graphene at various scan rates, (b) galvanostatic charge/discharge curves of Ni(OH)2/Ni and Ni(OH)2/Ni/graphene at a current density of 0.5 A g-1[76].

Histogram of specific capacitance and cyclic stability of GN based nickel, cobalt, iron and manganese nanostructures.

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