Three-dimensional boron nitride network/polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel with solid-liquid interpenetrating heat conduction network for thermal management

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.04.013

Abstract

Abstract:

Polyvinyl alcohol hydrogels have been used in wearable devices due to their good flexibility and biocompatibility. However, due to the low thermal conductivity (κ) of pure hydrogel, its further application in high power devices is limited. To solve this problem, melamine sponge (MS) was used as the skeleton to wrap boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS) through repeated layering assembly, successfully preparing a three-dimensional (3D) boron nitride network (BNNS@MS), and PVA hydrogels were formed in the pores of the network. Due to the existence of the continuous phonon conduction network, the BNNS@MS/PVA exhibited an improved κ. When the content of BNNS is about 6 wt.%, κ of the hydrogel was increased to 1.12 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, about two times higher than that of pure hydrogel. The solid heat conduction network and liquid convection network cooperate to achieve good thermal management ability. Combined with its high specific heat capacity, the composites have an important application prospect in the field of wearable flexible electronic thermal management.

Key words: Thermal conductivity, Polyvinyl alcohol, Three-dimensional network, Composite hydrogel

Mengmeng Qin, Yajie Huo, Guoying Han, Junwei Yue, Xueying Zhou, Yiyu Feng, Wei Feng. Three-dimensional boron nitride network/polyvinyl alcohol composite hydrogel with solid-liquid interpenetrating heat conduction network for thermal management[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 127: 183-191.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Illustration of the overall preparation procedures of BNNS@MS/PVA hydrogel.

Fig. 2. SEM images of (a) BNNS, (b) MS, (c) BNNS@MS, and the element mapping images of (e) B, and (f) N element of (d) BNNS@MS in high magnification. (g) Image of the Tyndall effect of the h-BN and BNNS aqueous solution. (h) XRD patterns of h-BN and BNNS. (i) TGA curves of BNNS, MS and BNNS@MS.

Fig. 3. Stress-strain curves of (a) pure PVA hydrogels with different freeze-thaw cycles (PVA: 10 wt.%), (b) BNNS/PVA hydrogels with different BNNS content (PVA: 10 wt.%, freeze-thaw cycle of 5), (c) BNNS/PVA hydrogel (BNNS: 5.5 wt.%) and BNNS@MS/PVA hydrogel (BNNS: 6 wt.%). (d) Images of the compression rebound process. (e) Diagram of interfacial interaction of composite materials.

Fig. 4. Heat conduction of composite hydrogel. (a) к of PVA hydrogel as a function of the PVA loading. (b) к of PVA hydrogel as a function of the freeze-thaw cycle. (c) к of composite hydrogel as a function of dispersed BNNS loading (PDA coating time, 30 min). (d) к of composite hydrogel as a function of PDA coating time (dispersed BNNS content, 5.5 wt.%). (e) Schematic diagram of heat transfer mechanism of composite hydrogels. (f) Diffusion of ferric nitrate in PVA hydrogel.

Fig. 5. (a) Thermal conduction simulation of composite hydrogels with different network structures. (b) Top surface temperature and (c) bulk temperature curves of composite hydrogel.

Fig. 6. (a) Schematic diagram of the composite as thermal management material. (b) Periodic cooling curve of hydrogel and PDMS based thermal interface material to the heat source.

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