Regulating bifunctional flower-like NiFe2O4/graphene for green EMI shielding and lithium ion storage

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.04.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Environment and energy are the eternal hot topics in the world, multiloculated microscale materials have attracted great attention in the field of electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and lithium ions storage. Herein, a novel flower-like NiFe₂O₄/graphene composite with adjustable structure was fabricated as EMI shielding material and anode material of lithium-ion batteries. NiFe₂O₄/graphene composite is a potential green EMI shielding material. The EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) increases with the increase of graphene content in NiFe₂O₄/graphene composite, and the total EMI SE of NiFe₂O₄/graphene with 73.6 wt.% graphene increases from 26.5 to 40.6 dB with the increase of frequency in 2-18 GHz. Furthermore, it exhibits long-life and large capacity lithium storage performance at high current density. The capacity reaches 732.79 mAh g⁻¹ after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g⁻¹, recovering to more than 139% from the minimum capacity value. After 300 cycles at 0.5 A g⁻¹, the capacity increases to 688.5 mAh g⁻¹. The initial capacities at 2 and 5 A g⁻¹ are 704.9 and 717.8 mAh g⁻¹, and remain 297.9 and 203.2 mAh g⁻¹ after 1000 cycles. The distinguished EMI shielding performance and electrochemical performance are mainly ascribed to the structure regulation of NiFe₂O₄/graphene composite, as well as the synergistic effect of graphene and NiFe₂O₄. This research opens up infinite opportunities for the application of multifunctional and interdisciplinary materials.

Key words: NiFe₂O₄, Graphene, EMI shielding, Anode, Lithium-ion batteries

Lihua Yao, Wenqiang Cao, Jianguo Zhao, Qi Zheng, Yuchang Wang, Shang Jiang, Qiliang Pan, Jie Song, Youqi Zhu, Maosheng Cao. Regulating bifunctional flower-like NiFe₂O₄/graphene for green EMI shielding and lithium ion storage[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 127: 48-60.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig. 1. (a) Schematic illustration of NFO-G composite synthesis route. SEM images of (b) NFO-G0, (c) NFO-G1, (d) NFO-G2, (e) NFO-G3, (f) NFO-G4, (g) NFO-G5.

Fig. 2. (a) SEM image and (b) EDS elemental mappings of the NFO-G3, (c, d) TEM images of the NFO-G3, (e) HRTEM image and (f) SAED pattern of the NFO-G3.

Fig. 3. (a) XRD patterns and (b) Raman spectra of NFO-G0-NFO-G5, (c) thermogravimetric curves of the precursors of NFO-G0-NFO-G5 in the air, (d) N2 adsorption/desorption isotherm curves of NFO-G0-NFO-G5 and the inset is Barrett-Joyner-Halenda (BJH) pore size distribution of NFO-G3.

Fig. 4. The (a-c) absorptivity (A), (d-f) reflectivity (R) and (g-i) transmission (T) coefficients of NFO-G0-NFO-G3 at different wavebands.

Fig. 5. EMI (a-c) SE, (d-f) SEA and (g-i) SER curves of NFO-G0-NFO-G3 at different wavebands.

Fig. 6. (a) 3D projection plot of SE for NFO-G0-NFO-G3, (b) average R and A coefficients and the ratio of R to A of NFO-G0-NFO-G3, (c) average SE, SEA and SER, and (d) the ratio of SER to SEA of NFO-G0-NFO-G3, (e) specific EMI SE and (f) green shielding index of NFO-G0-NFO-G3.

Fig. 7. CV curves of (a) NFO-G0, (b) NFO-G1, (c) NFO-G2, (d) NFO-G3, (e) NFO-G4 and (f) NFO-G5 at the scan rate of 0.2 mV s?1.

Fig. 8. The galvanostatic charge/discharge profiles of (a) NFO-G0, (b) NFO-G1, (c) NFO-G2, (d) NFO-G3, (e) NFO-G4 and (f) NFO-G5 at 0.1 A g?1.

Fig. 9. (a) The rate capabilities of NFO-G0, NFO-G1, NFO-G2, NFO-G3, NFO-G4 and NFO-G5 at different current densities. The cycling performances of NFO-G0, NFO-G1, NFO-G2, NFO-G3, NFO-G4 and NFO-G5 at (b) 0.1 A g?1 and (c) 0.5 A g?1, (d) the electrochemical impedance plots of NFO-G0, NFO-G1, NFO-G2, NFO-G3, NFO-G4 and NFO-G5 before cycling and the equivalent electrical circuit (inset), (e) the cycling performance and Coulombic efficiency of NFO-G3 at 2 A g?1 and 5 A g?1.

Fig. 10. (a) CV curves of the NFO-G3 electrode at various scan rates, (b) linear fitting of peak current and scanning rate, (c) capacitive contribution at the scan rate of 0.2 mV s?1 in NFO-G3 electrode, (d) capacitance contribution ratio at various scan rates for NFO-G3 electrode.

Fig. 11. (a) The PDOS and total DOS of P-graphene, D-Ⅰ-graphene and D-Ⅱ-graphene, (b) charge densities of D-Ⅰ-graphene and D-Ⅱ-graphene.

Fig. 12. Schematic illustration of lithium storage mechanism of NFO-G with (a) moderate NiFe2O4, (b) excessive NiFe2O4 and (c) insufficient NiFe2O4, (d) EMI shielding mechanism of NFO-G.

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Regulating bifunctional flower-like NiFe₂O₄/graphene for green EMI shielding and lithium ion storage

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