Fig. 1. Changes in remanence (a) and coercivity (b) of ND, CE0.3, and CELA0.3 melt-spun ribbons upon hot-press step and subsequent hot-deformation step.

Fig. 2. BSE-SEM images of hot-pressed ND (a), CE0.3 (b), and CELA0.3 (c) magnets taken from the cross-section of the samples etched by using an aqueous H2SO4 solution. The press direction is in-plane downward direction of the images as indicated by the arrow.

Fig. 3. BSE-SEM images of hot-deformed ND (a), CE0.3 (b), and CELA0.3 (c) magnets taken from the cross-section of the samples etched with an aqueous H2SO4 solution. The average grain size along c-plane (Dc) and perpendicular to c-plane (Dab), and the aspect ratio of grains (Dc/Dab) for the hot-deformed samples are summarized in (d).

Fig. 4. Gaussian fitted curves for the relative intensity versus the angle between the c-axis and the normal of (hkl) in the 2:14:1 crystal of hot-deformed ND (a), CE0.3 (b), and CELA0.3 (c) magnets. Standard deviations, σ, for the samples are displayed in the insets. Larger σ implies lower c-axis alignment of the magnets.

Fig. 5. (a) Strain-stress properties of ND (black line), CE0.3 (red line), and CELA0.3 (blue line) magnets during hot-deformation. (b) XRD patterns collected from hot-deformed CE0.3 and CELA0.3 samples pulverized into powders. (c) High-angle annular dark-field (HAADF)-STEM image and EDS elemental maps of hot-deformed CE0.3 magnets. The inverted triangles in (c) indicate the Ce-dissolved REFe2 secondary phase formed in intergranular region.

Fig. 6. HAADF-STEM images and EDS elemental maps of hot-deformed CE0.3 (a) and CELA0.3 (b) magnets.

Fig. 7. Bright-field TEM images and EDS line scan profiles across the RE-rich grain boundary phases formed on the c-plane of the 2:14:1 platelets for hot-deformed CE0.3 (a) and CELA0.3 (b) magnets.

Fig. 8. Demagnetization curves for hot-deformed CE0.3 (red lines) and CELA0.3 (blue lines) magnets before (dotted lines) and after (solid lines) the I-infiltration of Nd-Cu. I-infiltration method is illustrated on the left side of the figure. I-infiltration by using 6 wt.% [NdH2 (7) + Cu (3)] powder mixture was applied to the melt-spun ribbons at 650 °C for 3 h, followed by hot-press and subsequent hot-deformation of the infiltrated ribbons.