Mechanically durable antibacterial nanocoatings based on zwitterionic copolymers containing dopamine segments

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.031

Abstract

Abstract:

Developing an effective and durable antibacterial surface is important for surgical tools and biomedical implants. In this work, a zwitterionic copolymer containing catechol groups as biomimetic anchoring segments was coated onto 316 L stainless steel via drop-casting. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements indicated that the coatings made of the copolymers containing zwitterionic and dopamine segments at the molar ratios of 8:2 and 6:4 exhibited stronger stability and mechanical durability than the one at 9:1 after inducing tape-peeling and ultrasonication damage. The mechanically durable nanocoatings exhibited excellent antibacterial performance against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in a period of 3 days. The nanocoatings with zwitterionic and dopamine segments at the molar ratio of 8:2 were further evaluated and demonstrated durable antibacterial performance after tape-peeling and ultrasonication treatments.

Key words: Antibacterial surface, Zwitterionic, Polymers, Coatings

Jingzhi Yang, Hongchang Qian, Junpeng Wang, Pengfei Ju, Yuntian Lou, Guoliang Li, Dawei Zhang. Mechanically durable antibacterial nanocoatings based on zwitterionic copolymers containing dopamine segments[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 89: 233-241.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1 Feeding amount for preparation of zwitterionic copolymers containing dopamine segments.

Sample	Feeding molar ratios of SBMA/DMA^a	SBMA (mmol)	DMA (mmol)
1	9:1	0.9 (0.252 g)	0.1 (0.023 g)
2	8:2	0.8 (0.223 g)	0.2 (0.045 g)
3	6:4	0.6 (0.165 g)	0.4 (0.090 g)

Scheme 1. Synthesis route of zwitterionic copolymers containing dopamine segments.

Fig. 1. XPS spectra of (a) wide scan of PS8D2, (b) N 1s of PS9D1, (c) N 1s of PS8D2, and (d) N 1s of PS6D4.

Fig. 2. Water contact angles of different sample surfaces.

Fig. 3. Water contact angles of the nanocoatings containing the different proportions of dopamine segments after (a) tape-peeling tests and (b) ultrasonication treatments.

Fig. 4. Mechanical durability of the nanocoatings containing different proportions of dopamine segments. EDS maps of (a) original PS9D1 coatings and the one after 20 cycles of tape-peeling or 40 min of ultrasonication; (b) original PS8D2 coatings and the one after 20 cycles of tape-peeling or 40 min of ultrasonication.

Fig. 5. Fluorescence microscopic images of S. aureus on the bare surfaces after (a1, a2) 1 day, (a3, a4) 3 days; PS6D4 coatings after (b1, b2) 1 day, (b3, b4) 3 days; PS8D2 coatings after (c1, c2) 1 day, (c3, c4) 3 days; and PS9D1 coatings after (d1, d2) 1 day, (d3, d4) 3 days of immersion in inoculated medium.

Fig. 6. Fluorescence microscopic images of E. coli on the bare surfaces after (a1, a2) 1 day, (a3, a4) 3 days; PS6D4 coatings after (b1, b2) 1 day, (b3, b4) 3 days; PS8D2 coatings after (c1, c2) 1 day, (c3, c4) 3 days; and PS9D1 coatings after (d1, d2) 1 day, (d3, d4) 3 days of immersion in inoculated medium.

Fig. 7. Bacteria coverages of (a) S. aureus and (b) E. coli on different coatings after 1 day and 3 days of immersion in inoculated media.

Fig. 8. Fluorescence microscopic images of (a, b) S. aureus and (c, d) E. coli on treated PS8D2 coatings after 1 day and 3 days of immersion in inoculated medium.

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