Near-infrared response Pt-tipped Au nanorods/g-C3N4 realizes photolysis of water to produce hydrogen

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.11.067

Abstract

Abstract:

The search for a suitable cocatalyst for graphitic carbon nitride (g-C₃N₄) to realize efficient photocatalytic hydrogen (H₂) evolution has been regarded as one of the most valid tactics to alleviate energy crisis. Herein, a ternary Pt-tipped Au nanorods (Pt-Au)/g-C₃N₄ heterostructure is constructed, which shows excellent H₂ production performance in visible and near-infrared (NIR) region, especially in NIR region with a rate of 51.6 μmol g^-1 h^-1. Therein, not only is the optical absorption ability of g-C₃N₄ broadened, the light absorption range is also extended to NIR region through introduction of Pt-Au architectures. Besides, analysis of the hot electrons generated in energy relaxation of plasmon indicates hot electron transfers fromexcited Au nanorods to Pt nanoparticles, resulting in H₂ evolution. Compared with bare g-C₃N₄, the superior photocatalytic activity could be attributed to the surface plasmon resonance effect (SPR) of Au nanorods and the electron-sink function of Pt nanoparticles. This work provides an insight into the improvement of photocatalytic performance via combination of NIR-responsive plasmon metal with photocatalysts.

Key words: Near infrared response, Photocatalysis, H₂ evolution, g-C₃N₄, Pt-tipped Au nanorods

Yang Guo, Qixin Zhou, Xiaolin Chen, Yunzhi Fu, Shenyu Lan, Mingshan Zhu, Yukou Du. Near-infrared response Pt-tipped Au nanorods/g-C₃N₄ realizes photolysis of water to produce hydrogen[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 119: 53-60.

Figures/Tables 10

Table 1. Different amounts of Au and Pt in Pt-Au/CN catalysts.

Sample code	g-C₃N₄ (mg)	Au (mg/L)	Pt (mg/L)
CN	10	0	0
0.1-Pt-Au/CN	10	2.14	0.294
0.5-Pt-Au/CN	10	10.70	1.470
1.0-Pt-Au/CN	10	21.40	2.940
2.0-Pt-Au/CN	10	42.80	5.880

Fig. 1. Typical TEM (A) and HRTEM (B) images of 0.5-Pt-Au/CN; Zeta potentials of CN and Pt-Au (C); XRD patterns of the as-prepared CN, 0.1-Pt-Au/CN, 0.5-Pt-Au/CN, 1.0-Pt-Au/CN and 2.0-Pt-Au/CN (D); XPS spectra of 0.5-Pt-Au/CN: Au 4f (E) and Pt 4f (F) regions.

Fig. 2. FT-IR spectra of pure CN and different Pt-Au/CN samples.

Fig. 3. Photocatalytic decomposition of water to produce H2 by using different samples under NIR light irradiation (A); H2 production with 4 cycles under NIR light irradiation by using 0.5-Pt-Au/CN (B).

Fig. 4. Photocatalytic degradation of TCH by 0.5-Pt-Au/CN respectively with different scavengers under full spectrum light irradiation: superoxide dismutase (SOD, 0.40 g L-1), isopropyl alcohol (1.00 mmol L-1), methanol (5%) (A), kinetic curves of TCH degradation with different photocatalytic conditions (B), EPR spectra of DMPO-·O2- (methanol) (C), and EPR spectra of DMPO-·OH (H2O) (D).

Fig. 5. Transient photocurrent responses of CN and 0.5-Pt-Au/CN with NIR light irradiation on/off (A). PL spectra of pure CN and 0.5-Pt-Au/CN with excitation of 392 nm (B).

Fig. 6. Surface photovoltage spectra after loading with different concentrations of Pt-Au (A) and intensity comparison between 390 nm and 680 nm (B).

Fig. 7. Absorption spectra calculated by FDTD of a single. 21 × 100 nm Au NR (black line) and an Pt-Au that 5 nm radius Pt nanoparticles are deposited on both ends (red line) (A). Spatial distribution of electrical field strength enhancement induced by SPR from FDTD simulation for Au NR x-z plane (B), Pt-tipped Au NR x-z plane (C).

Fig. 8. UV-vis DRS spectra (A), band gap plots of pure CN and Pt-Au/CN nanocomposites (B), Mott-Schottky plots of CN (C) and 0.5-Pt-Au/CN (D).

Scheme 1. Photocatalytic mechanism diagram of Pt-Au/CN under visible and NIR irradiation.

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Near-infrared response Pt-tipped Au nanorods/g-C₃N₄ realizes photolysis of water to produce hydrogen

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