J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2022, Vol. 102: 36-45.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2021.04.037
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Fuyu Donga, Yuexin Chua, Mengyuan Hea,b, Yue Zhanga,*(
), Weidong Lic,*(), Peter K. Liawc,*(), Binbin Wangd, Liangshun Luodd, Yanqing Sud, Robert O. Ritchiee, Xiaoguang Yuana
Received:2021-03-15
Revised:2021-04-05
Accepted:2021-04-10
Published:2022-03-10
Online:2021-06-17
Contact:
Yue Zhang,Weidong Li,Peter K. Liaw
About author:pliaw@utk.edu (P.K.Liaw).Fuyu Dong, Yuexin Chu, Mengyuan He, Yue Zhang, Weidong Li, Peter K. Liaw, Binbin Wang, Liangshun Luod, Yanqing Su, Robert O. Ritchie, Xiaoguang Yuan. Manipulating internal flow units toward favorable plasticity in Zr-based bulk-metallic glasses by hydrogenation[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 102: 36-45.
Fig. 1. Representative nanoindentation load-displacement (P-h) curves of the Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 BMGs with various H contents. The inset shows different pop-in phenomena at the end of loading. The term UC refers to BMGs with uncharged H.
Fig. 2. Variation of the nanohardness and elastic modulus with the hydrogen content in the Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 BMGs.
Fig. 3. Representative SEM images of the Vickers hardness impressions of the Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 BMGs with various H contents.
Fig. 4. Typical displacement versus holding time curves for the Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 BMGs with various H contents, showing (a) the division of the two-stage creep, and (b) the fitting of the curves using the elastic-viscoelastic-viscous (EVEV) model.
| Alloy | H content CH(wt.%) | he(nm) | h1(nm) | τ1(s) | h2(nm) | τ2(s) | μ0(s/nm) | R2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 | 0 | 1086.7 | 2.34 | 3.08 | 4.37 | 28.12 | 18.27 | 0.99737 |
| 0.021 | 1089.3 | 3.77 | 4.74 | 4.18 | 50.57 | 19.97 | 0.99621 | |
| 0.026 | 1089.9 | 5.79 | 2.15 | 4.61 | 37.69 | 20.56 | 0.99705 |
Table 1 Fitting parameters of the nanoindentation-creep curves of the Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 BMGs with various H contents using Eq. (1).
| Alloy | H content CH(wt.%) | he(nm) | h1(nm) | τ1(s) | h2(nm) | τ2(s) | μ0(s/nm) | R2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 | 0 | 1086.7 | 2.34 | 3.08 | 4.37 | 28.12 | 18.27 | 0.99737 |
| 0.021 | 1089.3 | 3.77 | 4.74 | 4.18 | 50.57 | 19.97 | 0.99621 | |
| 0.026 | 1089.9 | 5.79 | 2.15 | 4.61 | 37.69 | 20.56 | 0.99705 |
Fig. 5. (a) Creep compliance spectra and (b) retardation spectra of the Zr55Cu30Ni5Al10 BMGs with various H contents.
Fig. 6. (a) Raw data and fitting curve (cyan solid line) for the change in penetration depth with time as a function of time throughout the loading process, dh/dt vs. t, in uncharged and charged alloys. (b) Corresponding extracted serration bursts versus time after 20 s of loading in uncharged and charged alloys. (c) Taking uncharged samples as an example, indentation-size effect can be observed on curves of shear stress, τ, vs. penetration depth, h, (brown line) and indentation strain rate, $\dot{\varepsilon }$, vs. penetration depth, h, (dark green line). The inset is the partial enlarged view. (d) Variation in the maximum shear stress identified by the intersection of the two stages in each serration event in uncharged and charged alloys.
Fig. 7. (a) Cumulative probability distributions of τmax at serrations in uncharged and charged alloys; inset shows the probability distributions of corresponding, τmax. (b) The correlation between ln[ln(1-f)-1] and τmax for these uncharged and charged alloys; introducing Eq. (12) produced a good agreement with the data (solid black lines), and the inset shows the range of V* values for the uncharged and charged alloys.
| Alloy | H content CH (wt.%) | Activation Volume V* (nm3) | STZ volume Ω (nm3) | STZ size (atom) | STZ activation energy W(kJ/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 | UC | 0.02824±0.0007 | 0.6162±0.021 | 41±2 | 36.8 ± 1.4 |
| 0.021 | 0.03183±0.0011 | 0.6949±0.024 | 46±2 | 40.8 ± 1.6 | |
| 0.026 | 0.04304±0.0016 | 0.9400±0.036 | 62±3 | 61.4 ± 2.4 |
Table 2 Correlation parameters for the internal flow units in the loading stage using the serration-flow statistic method.
| Alloy | H content CH (wt.%) | Activation Volume V* (nm3) | STZ volume Ω (nm3) | STZ size (atom) | STZ activation energy W(kJ/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 | UC | 0.02824±0.0007 | 0.6162±0.021 | 41±2 | 36.8 ± 1.4 |
| 0.021 | 0.03183±0.0011 | 0.6949±0.024 | 46±2 | 40.8 ± 1.6 | |
| 0.026 | 0.04304±0.0016 | 0.9400±0.036 | 62±3 | 61.4 ± 2.4 |
Fig. 8. (a) Change in the stress and strain rate vs. creep time for the uncharged and charged BMGs. (b) Log-log correlation between the indentation stress and strain rate during creep for these uncharged and charged alloys. (c) The strain-rate sensitivity, m, estimated by linear fitting of the steady-state portion of the creep curves.
| Alloy | H content CH (wt.%) | Strain rate sensitivity m | STZ volume Ω (nm3) | STZ size (atom) | STZ activation energy W(kJ/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 | UC | 0.0322±0.003 | 2.278±0.026 | 165±2 | 135.6 ± 1.6 |
| 0.021 | 0.0308±0.002 | 2.473±0.012 | 180±1 | 145.2 ± 0.7 | |
| 0.026 | 0.0265±0.004 | 3.362±0.023 | 245±1 | 183.7 ± 1,3 |
Table 3 Correlation parameters of internal flow units in the holding stage determined by the creep method.
| Alloy | H content CH (wt.%) | Strain rate sensitivity m | STZ volume Ω (nm3) | STZ size (atom) | STZ activation energy W(kJ/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Zr55Cu30Al10Ni5 | UC | 0.0322±0.003 | 2.278±0.026 | 165±2 | 135.6 ± 1.6 |
| 0.021 | 0.0308±0.002 | 2.473±0.012 | 180±1 | 145.2 ± 0.7 | |
| 0.026 | 0.0265±0.004 | 3.362±0.023 | 245±1 | 183.7 ± 1,3 |
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