J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2021, Vol. 61: 25-32.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2020.05.046
• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Lin Gao, Kai Li, Song Ni, Yong Du, Min Song*()
Received:
2020-03-21
Revised:
2020-04-18
Accepted:
2020-05-02
Published:
2021-01-20
Online:
2021-01-20
Contact:
Min Song
Lin Gao, Kai Li, Song Ni, Yong Du, Min Song. The growth mechanisms of θ′ precipitate phase in an Al-Cu alloy during aging treatment[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 61: 25-32.
Fig. 1. Schematics of the θ' precipitate growth through (a-d) the classical two-step process (or shear process) and (e-g) the “zipper-like” mechanism, respectively. Different colors represent different types of atoms. Gray arrows show the motion of atoms.
Fig. 2. (a) Low magnification HAADF-STEM image showing three variants of θ' precipitates. (b) The atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image of an edge-on θ' precipitate and its coherent interface with the Al matrix. The inserted image shows the crystal structure of θ' phase. The viewing direction is parallel to [001] of the Al matrix.
Fig. 3. Atomic-scale HAADF-STEM images showing (a) the common and (b) a different semicoherent interface between θ' precipitate and the Al matrix. The interfacial structure in (b) reflects the “zipperlike” mechanism during the growth of θ' precipitate. Interstitial Cu atoms on the coherent interface are marked by orange arrows.
Fig. 4. (a) The atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image of a semicoherent interface on the edge of a θ' precipitate viewed along [100]α and (b) the crucial diffusion region obtained from the selected area in (a). Additional Al atoms and interstitial Cu atoms were marked by green arrows and orange circles, respectively. Simulated images for θ'P1 and θ' cell are overlaid in the image. (c) Intensity profiles of A and B planes marked in (a). The blue and red profiles represent the column intensity variations on A and B planes, respectively. The fluctuation of intensity reflects the atomic diffusion.
Fig. 5. (a) The atomic-scale HAADF-STEM image of a semicoherent interface on an edge-on θ' precipitate viewed along [100]α. The inserted image shows the intensity variation of the selected layer in the matrix. (b) The selected area in (a) showing the important transition region. Simulated images for θ'T2 and θ' cell are overlaid in the image. Some Al atoms are marked by green circles. (c, d) Intensity profiles of A and B planes, with the different intensities representing different atomic columns. The significant reduction of intensity was marked by the green arrows.
Fig. 6. Schematics of the α1-to-θ' transformation in (a-d) for Fig. 4 and (e-g) for Fig. 5, respectively. Green and orange spheres represent Al and Cu atoms, respectively. Gray spheres represent positions that can be occupied by an Al atom with a probability of 1/2. Green and orange arrows reflect the diffusion of atoms. Dotted line circles represent atoms before diffusion.
Fig. 7. The relative formation enthalpy of the θ'P1, θ'T1, and θ'T2 phases represented by the red triangle and the crystal structure for each phase viewed along [100]. The formation enthalpy of θ' phase was set as the zero enthalpy for clear comparison.
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