Abstract: Developing new types of rechargeable metal-ion batteries beyond lithium-ions, including alkaline ion (such as Na⁺, K⁺) and multivalent ion (such as Mg²⁺, Zn²⁺, Ca²⁺ and Al³⁺) batteries, is progressing quickly towards large-scale energy storage systems. However, the major obstacle to their large-scale applications has been a lack of appropriate electrode materials with reversible metal ions insertion/extraction behavior, resulting in inferior electrochemical performance. Here we develop a well-designed MoS₂/MoO₂ hybrid nanosheets anchored on carbon cloth (MoS₂/MoO₂/CC) as electrode materials. This rational design can effectively shorten ion diffusion distance, increase electric conductivity of the electrode, and buffer volume change. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of structural and compositional features, the MoS₂/MoO₂/CC electrode exhibits high initial reversible capacities (326 mA h g^-1 at 0.1 A g^-1 in magnesium-ion storage; 1270 mA h g^-1 at 0.1 A g^-1 in sodium-ion storage), excellent rate capacities (57 mA h g^-1 at 10 A g^-1 in magnesium-ion storage; 335 mA h g^-1 at 5 A g^-1 in sodium-ion storage) and long-term cycling stability (105 mA h g^-1 after 600 cycle at 1 A g^-1 in magnesium-ion storage; 208 mA h g^-1 after 600 cycles at 5 A g^-1 in sodium-ion storage). We expect that the multi-engineering strategy will provide some valuable insights for the development of other advanced electrode materials for high-performance metal-ion batteries.

Key words: Metal-ion batteries, MoS₂/MoO₂/CC, Magnesium and sodium storage, High reversibility