Recent progress in smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.008

Abstract

Abstract: With the rapid advancement of the intelligent era, intelligent electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding devices are receiving more and more attention due to their advantages in environmental self-adaption response. Accordingly, appropriate EMI shielding materials are crucial to blocking harmful electromagnetic radiation and passing serviceable electromagnetic waves. Smart EMI shielding materials that can dynamically adjust their EMI shielding effectiveness (SE) in response to specific application requirements and environmental changes are extremely advantageous in both military and civil areas. To date, materials with adjustable EMI SE for various responses have been developed. This review pays special attention to smart materials with tunable EMI SE. The design strategies, mechanism and recent progress of smart EMI shielding materials are discussed together with different stimuli responses, including compression strain, tensile strain, chemical reagent, shape memory, phase transition and crossover angle change-induced responses. The review ends up to discuss challenges and perspectives for smart EMI shielding materials.

Key words: Electromagnetic interference shielding, Smart materials, Stimuli response, Electromagnetic adaption

Xin Hou, Xue-Rong Feng, Ke Jiang, Yu-Chen Zheng, Jiang-Tao Liu, Ming Wang. Recent progress in smart electromagnetic interference shielding materials[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 186: 256-271.

References

[1] C.B. Liang, H. Qiu, Y.L. Zhang, Y.Q. Liu, J.W. Gu, Sci. Bull. 68 (2023) 1938-1953.
[2] L. Omana, A. Chandran, R.E. John, R. Wilson, K.C. George, N.V. Unnikrish-nan, S.S. Varghese, G. George, S.M. Simon, I. Paul, ACS Omega 7 (2022) 25921-25947.
[3] X.Y. Wang, S.Y. Liao, Y.J. Wan, P.L. Zhu, Y.G. Hu, T. Zhao, R. Sun, C.P. Wong, J. Mater. Chem. C 10 (2021) 44-72.
[4] J.R. Tao, X.H. Tang, Q.M. He, M. Wang, Compos. Sci. Technol. 229 (2022) 109715.
[5] S.K. Srivastava, K. Manna, J. Mater. Chem. A 10 (2022) 7431-7496.
[6] N. Devi, S.S. Ray, Polym. Eng. Sci. 62 (2022) 591-621.
[7] O. Erogul, E. Oztas, I. Yildirim, T. Kir, E. Aydur, G. Komesli, H.C. Irkilata, M.K. Irmak, A.F. Peker, Arch. Med. Res. 37 (2006) 840-843.
[8] M. Röösli, Environ. Res. 107 (2008) 277-287.
[9] D.K. Li, H. Chen, J.R. Ferber, R. Odouli, C. Quesenberry, Sci. Rep. 7 (2017) 17541.
[10] L.Y. Liu, H. Deng, X.P. Tang, Y.X. Lu, J.Y. Zhou, X.F. Wang, Y.Y. Zhao, B. Huang, Y.G. Shi, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 118 (2021) e2105838118.
[11] J. Wang, H. Su, W. Xie, S.Y. Yu, Sci. Rep. 7 (2017) 12595.
[12] M.-L. Huang, C.-L. Luo, C. Sun, K.-Y. Zhao, Y. Ou, M. Wang, J. Mater. Sci. Tech-nol. 178 (2024) 201-209.
[13] L. Wang, Z.L. Ma, Y.L. Zhang, L.X. Chen, D.P. Cao, J.W. Gu, SusMat 1 (2021) 413-431.
[14] J.M. Yang, Y.J. Chen, X. Yan, X. Liao, H. Wang, C. Liu, H. Wu, Y.Y. Zhou, H. Gao, Y.Y. Xia, H.X. Zhang, X. Li, T. Wang, Compos. Sci. Technol. 240 (2023) 110093.
[15] J.E. Wang, T.L. Song, W. Ming, M. Yele, L.F. Chen, H. Zhang, X.J. Zhang, B.L. Liang, G.S. Wang, Nano Res. 17 (2024) 2061-2069.
[16] Q.M. He, J.R. Tao, Y. Yang, D. Yang, K. Zhang, M. Wang, Carbon 213 (2023) 118216.
[17] T.T. Xue, Y. Yang, D.Y. Yu, Q. Wali, Z.Y. Wang, X.S. Cao, W. Fan, T.X. Liu, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 45.
[18] C.L. Luo, M.L. Huang, C. Sun, K.Y. Zhao, Z.Q. Hu, M. Wang, Cellulose 30 (2023) 5987-6000.
[19] D. Yang, J.R. Tao, Y. Yang, Q.M. He, M. Wang, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 138 (2023) 245-255.
[20] L. Wang, J.W. Cheng, Y.X. Zou, W.Y. Zheng, Y.R. Wang, Y.Q. Liu, H.R. Zhang, D. Zhang, X.H. Ji, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 6 (2023) 172.
[21] X. Shen, J.K. Kim, Nano Res. 16 (2023) 1387-1413.
[22] S.F. Zheng, Y.Y. Wang, Y.F. Zhu, C.X. Zheng, Polym. Compos. 45 (2024) 43-76.
[23] Y. Tang, Y. Wang, M.-L. Huang, M.Wang, Polym. Compos. 45 (2024) 2253-2267.
[24] S.M. Zachariah, Y. Grohens, N. Kalarikkal, S. Thomas, Polym. Compos. 43 (2022) 2507-2544.
[25] Y. Yang, C.L. Luo, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Compos. Sci. Technol. 233 (2023) 109913.
[26] Y.N. Gao, Y. Wang, T.N. Yue, M. Wang, Compos. Part B 249 (2023) 110402.
[27] J.R. Tao, C.L. Luo, M.L. Huang, Y.X. Weng, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 164 (2023) 107304.
[28] Q.M. He, J.R. Tao, D. Yang, Y. Yang, M. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 454 (2023) 140162.
[29] Y.X. Xia, W.W. Gao, C. Gao, Adv. Funct. Mater. 32 (2022) 2204591.
[30] S. Zhu, Q.Y. Zhou, M.Y. Wang, J. Dale, Z. Qiang, Y.C. Fan, M.F. Zhu, C.H. Ye, Compos. Part B 204 (2021) 108497.
[31] S. Verma, M. Dhangar, S. Paul, K. Chaturvedi, M.A. Khan, A.K. Srivastava, Elec-tron. Mater. Lett. 18 (2022) 331-344.
[32] B.A.Al-Asbahi, S.M.H. Qaid, A.A.A. Ahmed, A.G. El-Shamy, Mater. Chem. Phys. 293 (2023) 126922.
[33] P. Kumar, U.N. Maiti, A. Sikdar, T.K. Das, A. Kumar, V. Sudarsan, Polym. Rev. 59 (2019) 687-738.
[34] Y.L. Zhang, J.W. Gu, Nano-Micro Lett. 14 (2022) 89.
[35] Z.Y. Li, Y. Sun, B. Zhou, Y.Z. Feng, C.T. Liu, C.Y. Shen, Mater. Today Phys. 32 (2023) 101017.
[36] M.Q. Liu, M. Yang, X.Z. Wan, Z.Y. Tang, L. Jiang, S.T. Wang, Adv. Mater. 35 (2023) 20.
[37] M. Seol, U. Hwang, J. Kim, D. Eom, I.K. Park, H. Kim, J. Suhr, J.D. Nam, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 6 (2023) 46.
[38] Z.Q. Cao, G.J. Wang, Chem. Rec. 16 (2016) 1398-1435.
[39] D. Roy, J.N. Cambre, B.S. Sumerlin, Prog. Polym. Sci. 35 (2010) 278-301.
[40] M.A.C.Stuart, W.T.S.Huck, J. Genzer, M. Müller, C. Ober, M. Stamm, G.B. Sukhorukov, I. Szleifer, V.V. Tsukruk, M. Urban, F. Winnik, S. Zauscher, I. Luzinov, S. Minko, Nat. Mater. 9 (2010) 101-113.
[41] Y.H. Zhan, C. Santillo, Y.Y. Meng, M. Lavorgna, J. Mater. Chem. C 11 (2023) 859-892.
[42] Y. Wang, Y.N. Gao, T.N. Yue, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 563 (2021) 150255.
[43] X.C. Jia, B. Shen, L.H. Zhang, W.G. Zheng, Carbon 176 (2021) 660-661.
[44] P.W. Song, X. Liao, F.F. Zou, X.H. Wang, F. Liu, S.L. Liu, G.X. Li, Compos. Com-mun. 34 (2022) 101264.
[45] J.M. Yang, X. Yan, X.R. Xu, Y.J. Chen, W. Han, X.Z. Chai, X. Liu, J.X. Liu, C. Liu, H.X. Zhang, X. Li, Z. Zhang, T. Wang, Chem. Asian J. 18 (2023) e202201000.
[46] C. Guo, K. Itoh, D.M. Sun, Y. Kondo, M. Fuji, ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 3 (2020) 5944-5954.
[47] K.J. Wang, Y.G. Jia, C.Z. Zhao, X.X. Zhu, Prog. Mater. Sci. 105 (2019) 100572.
[48] C.J. Ni, D. Chen, Y. Yin, X. Wen, X.L. Chen, C. Yang, G.C. Chen, Z. Sun, J.H. Wen, Y.R. Jiao, C.Y. Wang, N. Wang, X.X. Kong, S.H. Deng, Y.Q. Shen, R. Xiao, X.M. Jin, J. Li, X.Q. Kong, Q. Zhao, T. Xie, Nature 622 (2023) 748-753.
[49] W. Zhao, N. Li, L.W. Liu, J.S. Leng, Y.J. Liu, Appl. Phys. Rev. 10 (2023) 011306.
[50] M.Y. Khalid, Z.U. Arif, R. Noroozi, A. Zolfagharian, M. Bodaghi, J. Manuf.Pro-cess. 81 (2022) 759-797.
[51] H.L. Lv, Z.H. Yang, H.G. Pan, R.B. Wu, Prog. Mater. Sci. 127 (2022) 100946.
[52] M. Wang, X.H. Tang, J.H. Cai, H. Wu, J.B. Shen, S.Y. Guo, Carbon 177 (2021) 377-402.
[53] K. Pang, X.T. Liu, Y.J. Liu, Y.R. Chen, Z. Xu, Y. Shen, C. Gao, Carbon 179 (2021) 202-208.
[54] X.H. Tang, J. Li, Y. Wang, Y.X. Weng, M. Wang, Compos. Part B 196 (2020) 108121.
[55] J.H. Cai, J. Li, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 393 (2020) 124805.
[56] K.J. Gong, Y.M. Peng, A. Liu, S.H. Qi, H. Qiu, Compos. Part A 176 (2024) 107857.
[57] J.M. Yang, H. Wang, Y.L. Zhang, H.X. Zhang, J.W. Gu, Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2024) 31.
[58] Y.L. Zhang, K.P. Ruan, K. Zhou, J.W. Gu, Adv. Mater. 35 (2023) 16.
[59] T.B. Ma, H. Ma, K.P. Ruan, X.T. Shi, H. Qiu, S.Y. Gao, J.W. Gu, Chin. J. Polym. Sci. 40 (2022) 248-255.
[60] P. Song, B. Liu, C.B. Liang, K.P. Ruan, H. Qiu, Z.L. Ma, Y.Q. Guo, J.W. Gu, Nano-Micro Lett. 13 (2021) 91.
[61] Y.L. Zhang, K.P. Ruan, J.W. Gu, Small 17 (2021) 2101951.
[62] Y.L. Zhang, Z.L. Ma, K.P. Ruan, J.W. Gu, Research 2022 (2022) 9780290.
[63] X.F. Liu, Y. Li, X. Sun, W.K. Tang, G. Deng, Y.J. Liu, Z.M. Song, Y.H. Yu, R.H. Yu, L.M. Dai, J.L. Shui, Matter 4 (2021) 1735-1747.
[64] Q.-M. He, J.-R. Tao, Y. Yang, D. Yang, K. Zhang, B. Fei, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 156 (2022) 106901.
[65] Y.N. Gao, Y. Wang, T.N. Yue, B. Zhao, R.C. Che, M. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 430 (2022) 132949.
[66] Y. Yang, J.R. Tao, D. Yang, Q.M. He, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 129 (2022) 196-205.
[67] M.K. Li, Y.Y. Sun, D.Y. Feng, K.P. Ruan, X. Liu, J.W. Gu, Nano Res. 16 (2023) 7820-7828.
[68] S.H. Kim, S.Y. Lee, Y.L. Zhang, S.J. Park, J.W. Gu, Adv. Sci. 10 (2023) 2303104.
[69] X.J. Zeng, C. Zhao, X. Jiang, R.H. Yu, R.C. Che, Small 19 (2023) 2303393.
[70] X.J. Zeng, X. Jiang, Y. Ning, F.Y. Hu, B.B. Fan, J. Adv. Ceram. 12 (2023) 1562-1576.
[71] J. Liu, M.Y. Yu, Z.Z. Yu, V. Nicolosi, Mater. Today 66 (2023) 245-272.
[72] Z. Cheng, R.F. Wang, Y. Wang, Y.S. Cao, Y.X. Shen, Y. Huang, Y.S. Chen, Carbon 205 (2023) 112-137.
[73] S. Naghdi, B. Jaleh, M. Eslamipanah, A. Moradi, M. Abdollahi, N. Einali, K.Y. Rhee, J. Alloy. Compd. 900 (2022) 163176.
[74] Y.X. Han, K.P. Ruan, J.W. Gu, Nano Res. 15 (2022) 4747-4755.
[75] C. Sun, K.-Y. Zhao, M.-L. Huang, C.-L. Luo, X.-D. Chen, M. Wang, Nano Res. 17 (2024) 1699-1709.
[76] Y.Q. Guo, L.L. Pan, X.T. Yang, K.P. Ruan, Y.X. Han, J. Kong, J.W. Gu, Compos. Part A 124 (2019) 105484.
[77] Y.D. Shi, J. Li, Y.J. Tan, Y.F. Chen, M. Wang, Compos. Sci. Technol. 170 (2019) 70-76.
[78] C.B. Liang, W. Zhang, C.L. Liu, J. He, Y. Xiang, M.J. Han, Z.W. Tong, Y.Q. Liu, Chem. Eng. J. 471 (2023) 144500.
[79] D.A. Yang, J.R. Tao, Y. Yang, Q.M. He, Y.X. Weng, B. Fei, M. Wang, Compos. Struct. 292 (2022) 115668.
[80] J. Li, Y. Wang, T.N. Yue, Y.N. Gao, Y.D. Shi, J.B. Shen, H. Wu, M. Wang, Compos. Sci. Technol. 206 (2021) 108681.
[81] Y.N. Gao, Y. Wang, T.N. Yue, Y.X. Weng, M. Wang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 582 (2021) 112-123.
[82] X.H. Tang, Y. Tang, Y. Wang, Y.X. Weng, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 139 (2020) 106116.
[83] Y.Q. Guo, H. Qiu, K.P. Ruan, S.S. Wang, Y.L. Zhang, J.W. Gu, Compos. Sci. Tech-nol. 219 (2022) 109253.
[84] J.T. Orasugh, S.S. Ray, ACS Omega 8 (2023) 8134-8158.
[85] C. Sun, W.J. Peng, M.L. Huang, K.Y. Zhao, M. Wang, Polym. Int. 72 (2023) 619-628.
[86] M.L. Huang, C.L. Luo, C. Sun, K.Y. Zhao, Y.X. Weng, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 169 (2023) 107532.
[87] M.L. Huang, Y.D. Shi, M. Wang, Polym. Compos. 44 (2023) 1188-1200.
[88] R. Verma, P. Thakur, A. Chauhan, R. Jasrotia, A. Thakur, Carbon 208 (2023) 170-190.
[89] Y. Wang, Q.M. He, Y.N. Gao, T.N. Yue, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 162 (2022) 107135.
[90] J.R. Tao, D.A. Yang, Y. Yang, Q.M. He, B. Fei, M. Wang, Polymer (Guildf) 252 (2022) 124963.
[91] T.N. Yue, Y.N. Gao, Y. Wang, Y.D. Shi, J.B. Shen, H. Wu, M. Wang, Polym. Com-pos. 42 (2021) 1396-1406.
[92] Y.Y. Wang, F. Zhang, N. Li, J.F. Shi, L.C. Jia, D.X. Yan, Z.M. Li, Carbon 205 (2023) 10-26.
[93] Y.J. Tan, J. Li, X.H. Tang, T.N. Yue, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 137 (2020) 106008.
[94] J. Li, J.L. Chen, X.H. Tang, J.H. Cai, J.H. Liu, M. Wang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 565 (2020) 536-545.
[95] X.H. Tang, J. Li, Y.J. Tan, J.H. Cai, J.H. Liu, M. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 508 (2020) 145178.
[96] S. Verma, M. Dhangar, M. Mili, H. Bajpai, U. Dwivedi, N. Kumari, M.A. Khan, H.N. Bhargaw, S.A.R.Hashmi, A.K. Srivastava, Polym. Compos. 43 (2022) 4081-4099.
[97] Q. Peng, M. Ma, Q.D. Chu, H. Lin, W.T. Tao, W.Q. Shao, S. Chen, Y.Q. Shi, H.W. He, X. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. A 11 (2023) 10857-10866.
[98] Y.J. Tan, J. Li, J.H. Cai, X.H. Tang, J.H. Liu, Z.Q. Hu, M. Wang, Compos. Part B 177 (2019) 107378.
[99] J. Li, W.J. Peng, Z.J. Fu, X.H. Tang, H. Wu, S.Y. Guo, M. Wang, Compos. Part B 171 (2019) 204-213.
[100] S. Sankaran, K. Deshmukh, M.B. Ahamed, S.K.K. Pasha, Compos. Part A 114 (2018) 49-71.
[101] E. Pakdel, J.F. Wang, S. Kashi, L. Sun, X.G. Wang, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 277 (2020) 102116.
[102] Y.Z. Jiao, S.Y. Cheng, F. Wu, X.H. Pan, A.M. Xie, X.F. Zhu, W. Dong, Compos. Part B 211 (2021) 108643.
[103] M.Y. Peng, F.X. Qin, J. Appl. Phys. 130 (2021) 225108.
[104] K. Zhang, H.O. Yu, K.X. Yu, Y. Gao, M. Wang, J. Li, S.Y. Guo, Compos. Sci. Tech-nol. 156 (2018) 136-143.
[105] H. Abbasi, M. Antunes, J.I. Velasco, Prog. Mater. Sci. 103 (2019) 319-373.
[106] C.B. Liang, Z.J. Gu, Y.L. Zhang, Z.L. Ma, H. Qiu, J.W. Gu, Nano-Micro Lett. 13 (2021) 181.
[107] Y.F. Liu, L.M. Feng, Y.F. Chen, Y.D. Shi, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Compos. Sci. Tech-nol. 159 (2018) 152-161.
[108] X. Tan, Q.L. Yuan, M.T. Qiu, J.H. Yu, N. Jiang, C.T. Lin, W. Dai, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 117 (2022) 238-250.
[109] A. Iqbal, P. Sambyal, C.M. Koo, Adv. Funct. Mater. 30 (2020) 2000883.
[110] G. Devi, R. Priya, B.R.T.Bapu, R.T. Prabu, P.J.S.Kumar, N. Anusha, Polym. Com-pos. 43 (2022) 7701-7723.
[111] Z. Nan, W. Wei, Z.H. Lin, J.J. Chang, Y. Hao, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 172.
[112] J.H. Cai, Y.F. Chen, J. Li, Y.J. Tan, J.H. Liu, X.H. Tang, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 370 (2019) 176-184.
[113] J. Li, Y.J. Tan, Y.F. Chen, H. Wu, S.Y. Guo, M. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 466 (2019) 657-665.
[114] S. Acharya, S. Datar, J. Appl. Phys. 128 (2020) 104902.
[115] T.L. Blakney, Proc. IEEE 63 (1975) 203-205.
[116] P. Sambyal, A. Iqbal, J. Hong, H. Kim, M.K. Kim, S.M. Hong, M.K. Han, Y. Gogotsi, C.M. Koo, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019) 38046-38054.
[117] X.X. Wang, W.Q. Cao, M.S. Cao, J. Yuan, Adv. Mater. 32 (2020) 2002112.
[118] A. Iqbal, F. Shahzad, K. Hantanasirisakul, M.K. Kim, J. Kwon, J. Hong, H. Kim, D. Kim, Y. Gogotsi, C.M. Koo, Science 369 (2020) 446-450.
[119] Y.J. Tan, J. Li, Y. Gao, J. Li, S.Y. Guo, M. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 458 (2018) 236-244.
[120] Y.D. Shi, H.O. Yu, J. Li, Y.J. Tan, Y.F. Chen, M. Wang, H. Wu, S.Y. Guo, Chem. Eng. J. 347 (2018) 472-482.
[121] Z.P. Sun, J.L. Chen, X.C. Jia, G.Q. Wang, B. Shen, W.G. Zheng, Mater. Today Phys. 21 (2021) 100521.
[122] G. Wang, X. Liao, J.M. Yang, W.Y. Tang, Y. Zhang, Q.Y. Jiang, G.X. Li, Compos. Sci. Technol. 184 (2019) 107847.
[123] Y.N. Wang, X.D. Cheng, W.L. Song, C.J. Ma, X.M. Bian, M.J. Chen, Chem. Eng. J. 344 (2018) 342-352.
[124] M.L. Wang, Z.H. Zhou, J.L. Zhu, H. Lin, K. Dai, H.D. Huang, Z.M. Li, Carbon 198 (2022) 142-150.
[125] X.Y. Jin, S.W. Wang, C.Y. Sang, Y.Y. Yue, X.W. Xu, C.T. Mei, H.N. Xiao, Z.C. Lou, J.Q. Han, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 (2022) 35040-35052.
[126] D.Y. Li, L.X. Liu, Q.W. Wang, H.B. Zhang, W. Chen, G. Yin, Z.Z. Yu, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 14 (2022) 12703-12712.
[127] Y. Shi, S. Xu, J. Du, J. Qiu, Mater. Today Phys. 27 (2022) 100823.
[128] M.H. Al-Saleh, U. Sundararaj, Carbon 47 (2009) 1738-1746.
[129] Y. Wu, Z.Y. Wang, X. Liu, X. Shen, Q.B. Zheng, Q. Xue, J.K. Kim, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 9 (2017) 9059-9069.
[130] K. Zhang, G.H. Li, L.M. Feng, N. Wang, J. Guo, K. Sun, K.X. Yu, J.B. Zeng, T.X. Li, Z.H. Guo, M. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. C 5 (2017) 9359-9369.
[131] J.S. Lee, G.S. Park, S.T. Kim, M.L. Liu, J. Cho, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 52 (2013) 1026-1030.
[132] T.N. Pham, T. Sharifi, R. Sandström, W. Siljebo, A. Shchukarev, K. Kordas, T. Wågberg, J.P. Mikkola, Sci. Rep. 7 (2017) 6112.
[133] W.J. Liu, N.S. Liu, Y. Yue, J.Y. Rao, C. Luo, H. Zhang, C.X. Yang, J. Su, Z.T. Liu, Y.H. Gao, J. Mater. Chem. C 6 (2018) 1451-1458.
[134] K. Kordas, O. Pitkänen, Front. Mater. 6 (2019) 00093.
[135] Y.M. Sun, S.H. Luo, H.L. Sun, W. Zeng, C.X. Ling, D.G. Chen, V. Chan, K. Liao, Carbon 136 (2018) 299-308.
[136] J. Yang, H. Wang, Y. Zhang, H. Zhang, J. Gu, Nano-Micro Lett. 16 (2024) 1-14.
[137] L. Ma, M. Hamidinejad, L.F. Wei, B. Zhao, C.B. Park, Mater. Today Phys. 30 (2023) 100940.
[138] B. Shen, Y. Li, W.T. Zhai, W.G. Zheng, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 8 (2016) 8050-8057.
[139] O. Pitkänen, J. Tolvanen, I. Szenti, A. Kukovecz, J. Hannu, H. Jantunen, K. Kor-das, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 11 (2019) 19331-19338.
[140] D. An, Y.C. Chen, R.Z. He, H.T. Yu, Z.J. Sun, Y.F. Liu, Y.Q. Liu, Q.S. Lian, W. Feng, C.P. Wong, Adv. Compos. Hybrid Mater. 6 (2023) 136.
[141] F.Q. Qi, L. Wang, Y.L. Zhang, Z.L. Ma, H. Qiu, J.W. Gu, Mater. Today Phys. 21 (2021) 100512.
[142] J. Chen, W.J. Jiang, Z. Zeng, D.X. Sun, X.D. Qi, J.H. Yang, Y. Wang, Chem. Eng. J. 466 (2023) 143373.
[143] Y.A. Chen, Y. Liu, Y.H. Li, H.S. Qi, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13 (2021) 30020-30029.
[144] J.L. Chen, B. Shen, X.C. Jia, Y.F. Liu, W.E. Zheng, Mater. Today Phys. 24 (2022) 100695.
[145] J.Y. Cheng, C.B. Li, Y.F. Xiong, H.B. Zhang, H. Raza, S. Ullah, J.Y. Wu, G.P. Zheng, Q. Cao, D.Q. Zhang, Q.B. Zheng, R.C. Che, Nano-Micro Lett. 14 (2022) 80.
[146] B.C. Cheng, P.Y. Wu, ACS Nano 15 (2021) 8676-8685.
[147] X. Yin, X.Y. Xie, L.X. Song, J.F. Zhai, P.F. Dua, J. Xiong, Appl. Surf. Sci. 440 (2018) 992-1000.
[148] Y.F. Xu, K.P. Qian, D.M. Deng, L.Q. Luo, J.H. Ye, H.M. Wu, M. Miao, X. Feng, Carbohydr. Polym. 250 (2020) 116915.
[149] S.I. Rich, R.J. Wood, C. Majidi, Nat. Electron. 1 (2018) 102-112.
[150] T. Someya, Z.N. Bao, G.G. Malliaras, Nature 540 (2016) 379-385.
[151] Q.L. Hua, J.L. Sun, H.T. Liu, R.R. Bao, R.M. Yu, J.Y. Zhai, C.F. Pan, Z.L. Wang, Nat. Commun. 9 (2018) 244.
[152] X.J. Jiang, H. Yu, H.H. Lu, Y.S. Si, Y.B. Dong, Y.F. Zhu, C. Qian, Y.Q. Fu, ACS Appl. Polym. Mater. 5 (2023) 4400-4410.
[153] S.H. Xia, C.L. Wei, J.C. Tang, J.H. Yan, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 9 (2021) 13999-14005.
[154] R.Q. Zhu, Z.Y. Li, G. Deng, Y.H. Yu, J.L. Shui, R.H. Yu, C.F. Pan, X.F. Liu, Nano Energy 92 (2022) 106700.
[155] X.C. Jia, B. Shen, L.H. Zhang, W.G. Zheng, Chem. Eng. J. 405 (2021) 126927.
[156] T. Xie, Nature 464 (2010) 267-270.
[157] Y.J. He, Y.W. Shao, Y.Y. Xiao, J.H. Yang, X.D. Qi, Y. Wang, ACS Appl. Mater. In-terfaces 14 (2022) 6057-6070.
[158] D.L. Fan, N.X. Li, M.G. Li, S. Wang, S.X. Li, T. Tang, Chem. Eng. J. 427 (2022) 131635.
[159] Y.J. Yan, H. Xia, Y.P. Qiu, Z.Z. Xu, Q.Q. Ni, Mater. Lett. 237 (2019) 361.
[160] S.Y. Qi, Z.X. Niu, W.Z. Yuan, ACS Appl. Nano Mater. 6 (2023) 21258-21269.
[161] J. Wang, X.Y. Wu, Y.J. Wang, W.Y. Zhao, Y. Zhao, M. Zhou, Y. Wu, G.B. Ji, Nano-Micro Lett. 15 (2023) 11.
[162] J.H. Cai, M.L. Huang, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 540 (2021) 148364.
[163] J.H. Cai, X.H. Tang, X.D. Chen, M. Wang, Compos. Part A 140 (2021) 106188.
[164] P.P. Singh, A. Mondal, P. Maity, B.B. Khatua, J. Mater. Chem. C 11 (2023) 10584-10597.
[165] Z. Barani, F. Kargar, A. Mohammadzadeh, S. Naghibi, C. Lo, B. Rivera, A. A. Ba-landin, Adv. Electron. Mater. 6 (2020) 2000520.
[166] W.Y. Chen, C. Li, D. Wang, S. Gao, C.W. Zhang, H.J. Guo, W. An, S.J. Guo, G.Z. Wu, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 25 (2023) 20414-20421.
[167] F. El-Tantawy, A. A. Al-Ghamdi, N.A. Aal, J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 115 (2010) 817-825.
[168] J.R. Zhao, Z. Wang, H. Wang, Y. Li, C.Q. Fang, Colloids Surf. A 659 (2023) 130841.
[169] H.Q. Qian, W.H. Jiang, X.R. Shi, Q.Y. Cao, B. Jiang, Y.D. Huang, Carbon 210 (2023) 118081.
[170] S.Y. Liao, X.Y. Wang, H.P. Huang, Y.Y. Shi, Q.F. Wang, Y.G. Hu, P.L. Zhu, R. Sun, C.P. Wong, Y.J. Wan, Chem. Eng. J. 464 (2023) 142596.
[171] L. Qin, C. Liu, J.X. Zhang, M. Xi, S. Pi, W. Guo, N. Li, S.D. Zhang, Z.Y. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. C 11 (2023) 1381-1392.
[172] J. Zhang, B.Z. He, Y.B. Hu, P. Alam, H.K. Zhang, J.W.Y.Lam, B.Z. Tang, Adv. Mater. 33 (2021) 2008071.
[173] X.Y. Li, S. Li, M.H. Wu, Z.S. Weng, Q. Ren, P. Xiao, L. Wang, W.E. Zheng, Chem. Eng. J. 455 (2023) 140860.
[174] Y.Q. Wang, M. Cao, B.W. Liu, F.R. Zeng, Q. Fu, H.B. Zhao, Y.Z. Wang, Mater. Horiz. 11 (2024) 978-987.
[175] Z.H. Zeng, C.X. Wang, T.T. Wu, D.X. Han, M. Lukovic, F. Pan, G. Siqueira, G. Nyström, J. Mater. Chem. A 8 (2020) 17969-17979.
[176] J.L. Chen, D. Yi, X.C. Jia, G.Q. Wang, Z.P. Sun, L.H. Zhang, Y.F. Liu, B. Shen, W.G. Zheng, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 103 (2022) 98-104.
[177] Y.Y. Wei, C.S. Hu, Z.H. Dai, Y.F. Zhang, W.W. Zhang, X.Y. Lin, Compos. Part A 168 (2023) 107476.
[178] P.Z. Jiang, Z.M. Deng, P. Min, L.X. Ye, C.Z. Qi, H.Y. Zhao, J. Liu, H.B. Zhang, Z.Z. Yu, Nano Res. 17 (2024) 1585-1594.
[179] Z.P. Chen, D. Yi, B. Shen, L.H. Zhang, X.H. Ma, Y.Y. Pang, L. Liu, X.C. Wei, W.G. Zheng, Carbon 139 (2018) 271-278.
[180] X. Dai, J. Zhou, Z.N. Ma, J.L. Chen, B. Shen, C.Y. Mu, A.N. He, Y.Q. Dong, Q.K. Man, J.W. Li, Small Struct. 5 (2024) 2300405.
[181] Y.L. Xu, A. Uddin, D. Estevez, Y. Luo, H.X. Peng, F.X. Qin, Compos. Sci. Technol. 189 (2020) 108022.
[182] J. Li, W.J. Peng, Y.J. Tan, Y.X. Weng, M. Wang, J. Phys. Chem. C 123 (2019) 27884-27895.
[183] L.Y. Jin, W.J. Cao, P. Wang, N. Song, P. Ding, Nano-Micro Lett. 14 (2022) 133.
[184] Z.L. Cheng, G.J. Chang, B. Xue, L. Xie, Q. Zheng, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 132 (2023) 132-143.
[185] J. Wang, X.Y. Ma, J.L. Zhou, F.L. Du, C. Teng, ACS Nano 16 (2022) 6700- 6711.
[186] X.C. Jia, B. Shen, L.H. Zhang, W.G. Zheng, Compos. Part B 198 (2020) 108250.
[187] S.Q. Liu, H. Li, P.C. Li, Y.L. Liu, C.B. He, CCS Chem. 3 (2021) 2547-2560.
[188] C.O. Baker, X.W. Huang, W. Nelson, R.B. Kaner, Chem. Soc. Rev. 46 (2017) 1510-1525.
[189] O. Balci, E.O. Polat, N. Kakenov, C. Kocabas, Nat. Commun. 6 (2015) 6628.
[190] H.L. Lv, Z.H. Yang, S.J.H.Ong, C. Wei, H.B. Liao, S.B. Xi, Y.H. Du, G.B. Ji, Z.C.J. Xu, Adv. Funct. Mater. 29 (2019) 1900163.
[191] Y.M. Wang, Y.N. Wang, Q.H. Wei, J. Zhang, Eur. Polym. J. 173 (2022) 111314.
[192] G.C. Chen, B.J. Jin, Q. Zhao, T. Xie, J. Mater. Chem. A 9 (2021) 6827-6830.
[193] K. Tian, D.R. Hu, Q. Wei, Q. Fu, H. Deng, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 134 (2023) 106-131.
[194] L. Xu, S. Wan, Y.Q. Heng, S.X. Wang, J.J. Yang, Y.B. Dong, Y.Q. Fu, Q.Q. Ni, Com-pos. Sci. Technol. 231 (2023) 109797.
[195] Y. Zhang, S.D. Yang, Q. Zhang, Z.Y. Ma, Y.J. Guo, M. Shi, H. Wu, S.Y. Guo, Car-bon 206 (2023) 37-44.
[196] S. Lee, N.K. Nguyen, M. Kim, P. Park, J. Nah, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 15 (2023) 33180-33189.
[197] X. Zhong, M. He, C. Zhang, Y. Guo, J. Hu, J. Gu, Adv. Funct. Mater. (2024), doi: 10.1002/adfm.202313544.
[198] W. Bogaerts, D. Perez, J. Capmany, D.A.B. Miller, J. Poon, D. Englund, F. Morichetti, A. Melloni, Nature 586 (2020) 207-216.
[199] M. Shi, C.P. Feng, J. Li, S.Y. Guo, Compos. Sci. Technol. 223 (2022) 109414.
[200] M. Shi, W. Peng, Y. Zhang, Y.L. Tu, J. Zhang, J. Li, S.Y. Guo, Compos. Sci. Tech-nol. 240 (2023) 110082.
[201] R. Yuan, Y. Cao, X. Zhu, X. Shan, B. Wang, H. Wang, S. Chen, J. Liu, Adv. Mater. 36 (2024) 2309182.
[202] W.K. Xing, Y. Xu, S. Chen, Z.H. Lei, Y.Y. Zhang, P. Tao, W. Shang, B.W. Fu, C.Y. Song, T. Deng, Adv. Mater. Technol. 8 (2023) 2300102.