3D flower-like hollow CuS@PANI microspheres with superb X-band electromagnetic wave absorption

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.03.016

Abstract

Abstract:

Superior electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption properties in 8.2-12.4 GHz (X-band) can be obtained via the effective combination of polyaniline (PANI) and CuS. Herein, novel 3D flower-like hollow CuS@PANI microspheres were fabricated by a solvothermal process followed by in-situ polymerization. EM wave absorption properties of 3D flower-like hollow CuS@PANI microspheres in X-band were systematically studied, indicating the minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of -71.1 dB and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) covering 81% of test frequency range were achieved with a thickness of 2.75 mm. Excellent EM wave absorption properties of 3D flower-like hollow CuS@PANI microspheres were mainly ascribed to outstanding impedance matching characteristic and dielectric loss capability (conduction loss, interfacial polarization loss and dipole polarization loss). Moreover, due to the distinctive flower-like hollow structure of CuS@PANI microspheres, an additional wave-absorbing mechanism was provided by increasing the transmission paths of EM waves.

Key words: Flower-like hollow CuS@PANI microspheres, Impedance matching, Dielectric loss, EM wave absorption

Jia Zhao, Ying Wei, Yi Zhang, Qingguo Zhang. 3D flower-like hollow CuS@PANI microspheres with superb X-band electromagnetic wave absorption[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 126: 141-151.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration for the synthetic process of CuS@PANI/silicone rubber EM wave absorption composites.

Fig. 2. SEM images of as-synthesized CuS (a, a'), PANI (b, b') and CuS@PANI (c, c').

Fig. 3. TEM images of as-synthesized CuS (a), PANI (b) and CuS@PANI (c, c'); HRTEM images of as-synthesized CuS (a') and CuS@PANI (c''); STEM-HAADF (d) and EDS element mapping (d'-d''') images of as-synthesized CuS@PANI.

Fig. 4. XRD patterns (a) and Raman spectra (b) of as-synthesized PANI, CuS and CuS@PANI.

Fig. 5. XPS spectra (a) of as-synthesized PANI, CuS and CuS@PANI; Cu 2p (a'), C 1 s (a'') and N 1 s (a''') high resolution XPS spectra of as-synthesized CuS@PANI.

Fig. 6. Electrical conductivity (a), complex permeability (b), real permittivity (c), imaginary permittivity (d), dielectric loss tangent (e) and average value of complex permittivity (f) for CuS@PANI/silicone rubber EM wave absorption composites.

Fig. 7. Cole-Cole curves of CuS@PANI/silicone rubber EM wave absorption composites.

Fig. 8. RL values (a), attenuation constant (b) and impendence comparison (c) of CuS@PANI/silicone rubber EM wave absorption composites with a thickness of 2.65 mm.

Table 1. EM wave absorption properties of different composites in X-band.

Absorber	Matrix	RL_min (dB)	EAB (GHz)	MatchingThickness (mm)	Frequency (GHz)	Refs.
45 wt.% γ-Fe₂O₃/RGO	Paraffin	−59.65	3.0	2.5	8.2-12.4	[16]
30 wt.% C-SnO₂₋MWCNT	Silicone rubber	−53.5	3.16	2.65	8.2-12.4	[18]
50 wt.% GS-ZnO	Paraffin	−45.05	3.3	2.2	8.2-12.4	[30]
5 wt.% CNT-RGO	Silicone resin	−55.0	3.5	2.75	8.2-12.4	[31]
7.5 wt.% SnO₂@MWCNT	Silicone rubber	−56.9	3.1	2.0	8.2-12.4	[32]
60 wt.% Ti₃SiC₂@Cu	Epoxy	−37.0	2.8	1.8	8.2-12.4	[52]
25 wt.% CuS@PANI	Silicone rubber	−71.1	3.4	2.75	8.2-12.4	This work

Fig. 9. 3D RL (a), RL values (b), minimum RL (c) and EAB (d) of 25 wt.% CuS@PANI/silicone rubber EM wave absorption composite with different thicknesses.

Fig. 10. Schematic illustration of EM wave absorption mechanism for CuS@PANI/silicone rubber EM wave absorption composites.

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