Silicon-coated fibrous network of carbon nanotube/iron towards stable and wideband electromagnetic wave absorption

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2022.03.002

Abstract

Abstract:

Materials that can absorb electromagnetic (EM) wave have garnered increased attention in recent years due to their potential to mitigate the ever increasing environmental pollution by EM waves. Thanks to recent advances in micro/nanofabrication, a variety of magnetic metal-based EM absorbers have been reported. The design and synthesis of EM absorbers that exhibit efficient and wide-band absorption at small thicknesses, however, remains elusive. Here we report the design of fibrous nanostructures consisting of magnetic iron (Fe) nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which exhibits a wide-band EM absorption (3.8 GHz) while maintain the thickness at 1.2 mm. In our work, we created a novel core-shell structure by immersing the highly fibrous CNT-Fe structure into solid-state silicon (SiO₂) matrix. Finally, the SiO₂-coated CNT-Fe structures exhibit good stability against air-induced oxidation and acid corrosion while maintaining high EM absorption. Overall, the results reported in this study present new avenues to absorb EM from ambient air. We believe that our work elevates the utility of EM absorbers to real-world applications such as anti-acid and oxidation ability.

Key words: Fibrous network, Silicon-coated nanostructure, Electromagnetic pollution, Magnetic-dielectric loss

Xiaodi Zhou, He Han, Yuchao Wang, Cheng Zhang, Hualiang Lv, Zhichao Lou. Silicon-coated fibrous network of carbon nanotube/iron towards stable and wideband electromagnetic wave absorption[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 121: 199-206.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. Morphology of fibrous CNT-Fe nanostructures. (a) Schematic illustration of the procedure for synthesizing SiO2-coated fibrous CNT-Fe composite structure. (b-e) FE-SEM images of the fibrous CNT-Fe-2 structure at different magnifications. (f-i) FE-SEM image of (f) CNT-Fe-1, (g) CNT-Fe-2, (h) CNT-Fe-3 and (i) CNT-Fe-4 at large magnification.

Fig. 2. Crystal structure analysis of fibrous CNT-Fe. (a) XRD patterns of CNT-Fe structures with different content of Fe nanoparticles. (b) XPS of Fe 3/2p peak of CNT-Fe-3 and CNT-Fe-4. (c-e) TEM images of (c) CNT-Fe-3 and (d, e) CNT-Fe-4. Inset in d shows the high magnification image of Fe nanoparticle aggregates. (f) M-H loops curve of the CNT-Fe structures.

Fig. 3. EM absorption performance of CNT-Fe: (a-d) 2D color mappings of RL values of CNT-Fe structures with thickness ranging from 1.0 to 5.0 mm. The color bar is RL values in units of dB. (e, f) The RL value < -10 dB of CNT-Fe with thickness ranging from 1.0 to 2.0 mm.

Fig. 4. CNT-Fe parameters of EM absorption. (a) Real part and (b) imaginary part of permeability; (c) eddy current loss, (d) magnetic loss tangent, permittivity of CNT-Fe structures (e) real part and (f) imaginary part.

Fig. 5. Dielectric loss mechanism of CNT-Fe structures. (a) Electrical conductivity of CNT-Fe structures. (b-e) Cole-Cole circles of CNT-Fe structures. (f) Dielectric loss tangent of CNT-Fe structures as a function of frequency.

Fig. 6. EM performance of SiO2-coated CNT-Fe composites. (a-c) FE-SEM images of CNT-Fe-3 structures after dispersing into the SiO2 matrix. (d-f) 2D color mappings of RL curves and (g-i) efficient absorption frequency region of CNT-Fe-3 (d, g) before and (e, h) after keeping in laboratory air for 30 days and (f, i) dispersing into the acid aqueous solution (pH = 5.6).

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