Evaluation of the inhibition behavior of carbon dots on carbon steel in HCl and NaCl solutions

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.01.025

Abstract

Abstract:

An eco-friendly and effective corrosion inhibitor (N-CDs) was acquired by hydrothermal method in methacrylic acid and ethyl(methyl)amine precursors. Afterwards, the weight loss and electrochemistry measurement were chosen to appraise the corrosion inhibition behavior of as-prepared N-CDs for Q235 steel in Cl^- contained solutions. The change rules of EIS and Tafel data displayed that the as-prepared N-CDs revealed a high-efficiency protection for steel in all test environments. Meanwhile, the inhibition efficiency of steel reached up to 93.93 % (1 M HCl) and 88.96 % (3.5 wt% NaCl) at 200 mg/L of N-CDs. Furthermore, the N-CDs could form the adsorption film on steel surface to avoid the strong attack of Cl^-. By analysis, the adsorption mechanism of as-prepared N-CDs on steel surface was physicochemical interaction, which strictly complied with the Langmuir adsorption model in both solutions.

Key words: Carbon dots, Adsorption film, Corrosion protection

Yuwei Ye, Zilong Jiang, Yangjun Zou, Hao Chen, Shengda Guo, Qiumin Yang, Liyong Chen. Evaluation of the inhibition behavior of carbon dots on carbon steel in HCl and NaCl solutions[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2020, 43: 144-153.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig. 1. Preparation method of N-doped carbon dots.

Fig. 2. Chemical structure of N-CDs: (a) FTIR; (b) UV-vis; (c) XPS-C 1s; (d) XPS-N 1s.

Fig. 3. Morphology and size of N-CDs: (a) TEM; (b) grain size; (c) SPM; (d) height.

Fig. 4. EIS data and equivalent circuit model of electrode in different environments after 24 h immersion: (a-c) HCl; (d-f) NaCl.

Table 1 Impedance parameters of electrode in different test environments.

Solution	Concentration (mg L^-1)	R_s (Ω cm²)	R_f(Ω cm²)	R_ct (Ω cm²)	CPE_f (F cm^-2)	CPE_dl (F cm^-2)
HCl	0	1.232	2.26	11.035	105.18	296.17
	25	1.249	10.83	442.61	28.93	123.09
	50	1.211	13.98	913.74	26.56	98.41
	100	1.284	16.02	1005.04	21.37	96.55
	200	1.367	22.17	1264.08	12.15	72.16
NaCl	0	3.261	21.44	173.41	67.21	307.12
	25	3.383	33.41	308.72	39.05	201.67
	50	3.442	39.82	429.23	26.24	103.53
	100	3.631	45.14	645.01	22.19	66.81
	200	3.013	52.82	778.92	21.22	35.56

Fig. 5. Tafel data of specimen after inhibition test in (a) HCl and (b) NaCl solution.

Table 2 Tafel parameters of specimen after corrosion test.

Solution	Concentration (mg/L)	E_corr (mV. vs. SCE)	i_corr (μA cm^-2)	b_a (V dec^-1)	b_c (V dec^-1)	R_p (Ω cm²)	θ	IE (%)
HCl	0	-455	304.90	0.120	-0.090	14.5	--	--
	25	-467	83.56	0.223	-0.107	486.4	0.7259	72.59
	50	-478	77.61	0.113	-0.068	882.8	0.7455	74.55
	100	-483	33.75	0.129	-0.085	1006.8	0.8893	88.93
	200	-486	18.52	0.177	-0.099	1240.7	0.9393	93.93
NaCl	0	-976	206.50	0.268	-0.150	143.4	--	--
	25	-951	82.41	0.229	-0.169	191.9	0.6009	60.09
	50	-918	61.24	0.268	-0.134	294.4	0.7034	70.34
	100	-873	36.82	0.217	-0.160	609.8	0.8217	82.17
	200	-838	22.79	0.218	-0.140	635.2	0.8896	88.96

Fig. 6. Current density distribution of Q235 steel in different environments: (a) HCl-24 h; (b) NaCl-24 h; (c) 25 mg/L-HCl-24 h; (d) 25 mg/L-NaCl-24 h; (e) 200 mg/L-HCl-24 h; (f) 200 mg/L-NaCl-24 h.

Fig. 7. Corrosion rate of steel in different test conditions (a) concentration-24 h; (b) immersion time-100 mg/L.

Fig. 8. 3D morphologies of steel in different test conditions: (a) HCl-24 h; (b) NaCl-24 h; (c) 25 mg/L-HCl-24 h; (d) 25 mg/L-NaCl-24 h; (e) 200 mg/L-HCl-24 h; (f) 200 mg/L-NaCl-24 h; (g) 200 mg/L-HCl-48 h; (h) 200 mg/L-NaCl-48 h.

Fig. 9. Surface characteristic and EDS of specimen after corrosion: (a) HCl-24 h; (b) NaCl-24 h; (c) 25 mg/L-HCl-24 h; (d) 25 mg/L-NaCl-24 h; (e) 200 mg/L-HCl-24 h; (f) 200 mg/L-NaCl-24 h; (g) 200 mg/L-HCl-48 h; (h) 200 mg/L-NaCl-48 h; (i-l) EDS.

Fig. 10. Component analysis of corrosion product on steel surface after corrosion (a) HCl-Raman; (b) NaCl-Raman; (c) HCl-XPS; (d) NaCl-XPS.

Fig. 11. Langmuir adsorption isotherms of specimen in different conditions: (a) HCl; (b) NaCl.

References

[1]	C. Liu, R.I. Revilla, Z. Liu, D. Zhang, X. Li, H. Terryn, Corros. Sci. 129(2017) 82-90.
[2]	H. Luo, C.F. Dong, X.G. Li, K. Xiao, Electrochim. Acta 64 (2012) 211-220.
[3]	M. Cao, L. Liu, Z. Yu, L. Fan, Y. Li, F. Wang, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 35(2019) 651-659.
[4]	C. Liu, R.I. Revilla, D. Zhang, Z. Liu, A. Lutz, Z. Fan, T. Zhao, H. Ma, X. Li, H. Terryn, Corros. Sci. 138(2018) 96-104.
[5]	M. Moradi, Z. Song, T. Xiao, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 34(2018) 2447-2457.
[6]	H. Shi, F. Liu, E. Han, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 31(2015) 512-516.
[7]	A.R.H. Zadeh, I. Danaee, M.H. Maddahy, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 29(2013) 884-892.
[8]	K.P.V. Kumar, M.S.N. Pillai, G.R. Thusnavis, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 27(2011) 1143-1149.
[9]	P. Mourya, S. Banerjee, M.M. Singh, Corros. Sci. 85(2014) 352-363.
[10]	S. Varvara, R. Bostan, O. Bobis, L. G?in?, F. Popa, V. Mena, R.M. Souto, Appl. Surf. Sci. 426(2017) 1100-1112.
[11]	A.S. Fazayel, M. Khorasani, A.A. Sarabi, Appl. Surf. Sci. 441(2018) 895-913.
[12]	K. Zhang, W. Yang, B. Xu, Y. Chen, H. Zuo, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 517(2018) 52-60.
[13]	M.M. Antonijevi?, S.M. Mili?, M.B. Petrovi?, Corros. Sci. 51(2009) 1228-1237.
[14]	J. Ren, F. Weber, F. Weigert, Y. Wang, S. Choudhury, J. Xiao, I. Lauermann, U.R. Genger, A. Bande, T. Petit, Nanoscale 11 (2019) 2056-2064.
[15]	X. Xu, L. He, Y. Long, S. Pan, H. Liu, J. Yang, X. Hu, Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem. 279(2019) 44-52.
[16]	S. Sooksin, V. Promarak, S. Ittisanronnachai, W. Ngeontae, Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem. 262(2018) 720-732.
[17]	F. Niu, Y.L. Ying, X. Hua, Y. Niu, Y. Xu, Y.T. Long, Carbon 127 (2018) 340-348.
[18]	T. Liu, Z.W. Cui, J. Zhou, Y. Wang, Z.G. Zou, Nanoscale Res. Lett. 12(2017) 375.
[19]	D.K. Dang, C. Sundaram, Y.L.T. Ngo, J.S. Chung, E.J. Kim, S.H. Hur, Sensor. Actuat. B-Chem. 255(2018) 3284-3291.
[20]	Y.P. Sun, B. Zhou, Y. Lin, W. Wang, K.A.S. Fernando, P. Pathak, M.J. Meziani, B.A. Harruff, X. Wang, H. Wang, P.G. Luo, H. Yang, M.E. Kose, B. Chen, L.M. Veca, S. Xie, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128(2006) 7756-7757.
[21]	Y.L. Jiang, B.X. Wang, F.D. Meng, Y.X. Cheng, C.J. Zhu, J. Colloid Interf. Sci. 452(2015) 199-202.
[22]	T.P. Truong, T. Petenzi, C. Ranjan, H. Randriamahazaka, J. Ghilane, Carbon 130 (2018) 544-552.
[23]	X. Han, Q. Chang, N. Li, H. Wang, S. Hu, Carbon 137 (2018) 484-492.
[24]	Y. Song, C. Zhu, J. Song, H. Li, D. Du, Y. Lin, ACS Appl. Mater. Interf. 9(2017) 7399-7405.
[25]	M. Cui, S. Ren, Q. Xue, H. Zhao, L. Wang, J. Alloys. Compd. 726(2017) 680-692.
[26]	Y. Ye, D. Yang, H. Chen, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 35(2019) 2243-2253.
[27]	Y. Ye, D. Yang, H. Chen, S. Guo, Q. Yang, L. Chen, H. Zhao, L. Wang,J. Hazard. Mater. 381(2020), 121019.
[28]	N. Soltani, N. Tavakkoli, M. Khayatkashani, M.R. Jalali, A. Mosavizade, Corros. Sci. 62(2012) 122-135.
[29]	Z. Salarvand, M. Amirnasr, M. Talebian, K. Raeissi, S. Meghdadi, Corros. Sci. 114(2017) 133-145.
[30]	Y. Qiang, S. Zhang, B. Tan, S. Chen, Corros. Sci. 133(2018) 6-16.
[31]	K. Zhang, W. Yang, X. Yin, Y. Chen, Y. Liu, J. Le, B. Xu, Carbohyd. Polym. 181(2018) 191-199.
[32]	F. El-Hajjaji, M. Messali, A. Aljuhani, M.R. Aouad, B. Hammouti, M.E. Belghiti, D.S. Chauhan, M.A. Quraishi, J. Mol. Liq. 249(2018) 997-1008.
[33]	S. Javadian, B. Darbasizadeh, A. Yousefi, F. Ektefa, N. Dalir, J. Kakemam, J. Kakemam, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 71(2017) 344-354.
[34]	X. Zheng, M. Gong, Q. Li, L. Guo, Sci. Rep. 8(2018) 9140.
[35]	K.R. Ansari, M.A. Quraishi, A. Singh, Corros. Sci. 79(2014) 5-15.
[36]	Y. Dong, J. Shao, C. Chen, H. Li, R. Wang, Y. Chi, X. Lin, G. Chen, Carbon 50 (2012) 4738-4743.
[37]	K. Jiang, S. Sun, L. Zhang, Y. Lu, A. Wu, C. Cai, H. Lin, Angew. Chemie Int. Ed. English 127 (2015) 5450-5453.
[38]	Y. Li, H. Chen, Y.V. Lian, J. Ji, G. Zhang, G. Zhang, F. Zhang, X. Fan, J. Mater. Chem. 22(2012) 15021-15024.
[39]	Y. Ye, D. Zhang, T. Liu, Z. Liu, J. Pu, W. Liu, H. Zhao, X. Li, L. Wang, Carbon 142 (2019) 164-176.
[40]	Y. Ye, D. Zhang, J. Li, T. Liu, J. Pu, H. Zhao, L. Wang, Corros. Sci. 147(2019) 9-21.
[41]	D. Zhang, H. Qian, L. Wang, X. Li, Corros. Sci. 103(2016) 230-241.
[42]	H. Qian, D. Xu, C. Du, D. Zhang, X. Li, L. Huang, L. Deng, Y. Tu, J.M.C. Mol, J. Mater. Chem. 5(2017) 2355-2364.
[43]	Y. Ye, Z. Liu, W. Liu, D. Zhang, H. Zhao, L. Wang, X. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 348(2018) 940-951.
[44]	Z. Feng, X. Cheng, C. Dong, L. Xu, X. Li, Corros. Sci. 52(2010) 3646-3653.
[45]	Z.Y. Liu, X.G. Li, C.W. Du, G.L. Zhai, Y.F. Cheng, Corros. Sci. 50(2008) 2251-2257.
[46]	Z.Y. Liu, X.G. Li, C.W. Du, L. Lu, Y.R. Zhang, Y.F. Cheng, Corros. Sci. 51(2009) 895-900.
[47]	M.A. Amin, K.F. Khaled, S.A. Fadl-Allah, Corros. Sci. 52(2010) 140-151.
[48]	E. Kowsari, S.Y. Arman, M.H. Shahini, H. Zandi, A. Ehsani, R. Naderi, A. PourghasemiHanza, M. Mehdipour, Corros. Sci. 112(2016) 73-85.
[49]	Y. Qiang, S. Zhang, B. Tan, S. Chen, Corros. Sci. 140(2018) 111-121.
[50]	Y. Ye, Y. Zou, Z. Jiang, Q. Yang, L. Chen, S. Guo, H. Chen, J. Alloy. Compd. 815(2020) 152338.
[51]	Y. Qiang, S. Zhang, S. Xu, L. Yin, RSC Adv. 5(2015) 63866-63873.
[52]	N. El Hamdani, R. Fdil, M. Tourabi, C. Jama, F. Bentiss, Appl. Surf. Sci. 357(2015) 1294-1305.
[53]	Z. Hu, Y. Meng, X. Ma, H. Zhu, J. Li, C. Li, D. Cao, Corros. Sci. 112(2016) 563-575.