J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2025, Vol. 207: 209-224.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.04.013

• Review article • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Recent advances in the modification of melamine sponge for oil-water separation

Xing Zhoua,b,c,*, Dexiang Lia, Lili Wanga, Qi Wanga, Zhen Wanga,b,*, Qing Jinga, Rinderer Marisola,d, Lu Lic   

  1. aFaculty of Printing, Packaging and Digital Media Technology, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China;
    bSchool of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330096, China;
    cKey Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry and Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an 710021, China;
    dFaculty of Print and Media, Stuttgart University of Applied Science, Stuttgart, 70569, Germany
  • Received:2024-01-08 Revised:2024-03-22 Accepted:2024-04-09 Published:2025-02-01 Online:2024-05-24
  • Contact: *E-mail addresses: zdxnlxaut@163.com (X. Zhou), wangzhennpu@163.com (Z. Wang)

Abstract: Melamine sponge is a major concern for oil-water separation due to its lightweight, high porosity (> 99 %), cost-effectiveness, impressive mechanical properties, and chemical/thermal stability. However, its amphiphilic nature hinders selective oil absorption in water. Recent strategies to enhance hydrophobicity are reviewed, including synthetic methods and materials, with comprehensive explanations of the mechanisms driven by surface energy and roughness. Key performance indicators for MS in oil-water separation, including adsorption capacity, wettability, stability, emulsion separation, reversible wettability switching, flame retardancy, mechanical properties, and recyclability, are thoroughly discussed. In conclusion, this review provides insights into the future potential and direction of functional melamine sponges in oil-water separation.

Key words: Melamine sponge, Hydrophobicity, Lipophilicity, Oil-water separation, Modification