S-scheme heterojunction in photocatalytic hydrogen production

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2023.04.049

Abstract

Abstract: As an ideal secondary energy source, hydrogen has the title of clean energy and the product of its complete combustion is only water, which is not polluting to the environment. Photocatalytic hydrogen production technology is an environmentally friendly, safe, and low-cost strategy that requires only an inexhaustible amount of solar energy and water as feedstock. This paper provides a detailed and detailed review of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts for photocatalytic hydrogen production, mainly including TiO₂-based, Perovskite-based, CdS-based, Graphitic phase carbon nitride-based, COF-based graphdiyne-based, ZnO-based, and ZnIn₂S₄-based S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. The classification of S-scheme heterojunctions is summarized. What's more, various characterizations for direct verification of the charge migration mechanism of S-scheme heterojunctions are outlined. Based on the present study, the future potential challenges and future research trends for S-scheme heterojunctions in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution technology are pointed out, which provides feasible strategies for the development and design of S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Key words: S-scheme heterojunction, Photocatalysis, Charges migration, Hydrogen evolution

Teng Li, Noritatsu Tsubaki, Zhiliang Jin. S-scheme heterojunction in photocatalytic hydrogen production[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 169: 82-104.

References

[1] C.B. Bie, L.X. Wang, J.G. Yu, Chemistry 8 (2022) 1567-1574.
[2] H. Li, S.R. Tao, S.J. Wan, G.G. Qiu, Q. Long, J.G. Yu, S.W. Cao, Chin. J. Catal. 46(2023) 167-176.
[3] Z.L. Jin, T. Li, Y.P. Wang, J. Environ. Chem.Eng. 10(2022) 108035.
[4] Z.L. Jin, L.J. Zhang, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 49(2020) 144-156.
[5] B.Q. Xia, B.W. He, J.J. Zhang, L.Q. Li, Y.Z. Zhang, J.G. Yu, J.R. Ran, S.Z. Qiao, Adv. Energy Mater. 12(2022) 2201449.
[6] J. Zhang, X.C. Liang, C. Zhang, L.H. Lin, W.D. Xing, Z.Y. Yu, G.G. Zhang, X.C. Wang, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 61(2022) e202210849.
[7] S.H. Shen, J. Chen, Y.Q. Wang, C.L. Dong, F.Q. Meng, Q.H. Zhang, Y.L. Huangfu, Z. Lin, Y.C. Huang, Y.R. Li, M.T. Li, L. Gu, Sci. Bull. 67(2022) 520-528.
[8] G.X. Zhang, Z.J. Guan, J.J. Yang, Q.Y. Li, Y. Zhou, Z.G. Zou, Solar RRL 6 (2022) 2200587.
[9] C.B. Bie, B.C. Zhu, L.X. Wang, H.G. Yu, C.H. Jiang, T. Chen, J.G. Yu, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 61(2022) e202212045.
[10] X. Wu, W.L. Zhang, J. Li, Q.J. Xiang, Z.Y. Liu, B. Liu, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 62(2023) e202213124.
[11] X.Y. Meng, S.Y. Wang, C.C. Zhang, C.Z. Dong, R. Li, B.N. Li, Q. Wang, Y. Ding, ACS Catal. 12(2022) 10115-10126.
[12] T. Li, X. Guo, L.J. Zhang, T. Yan, Z.L. Jin, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 46 (2021) 20560-20572.
[13] X.Y. Yue, L. Cheng, F. Li, J.J. Fan, Q.J. Xiang, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 61(2022) e202208414.
[14] T. Li, T. Yan, Z.L. Jin, New J. Chem. 45(2021) 11905-11917.
[15] L. Cheng, B.H. Li, H. Yin, J.J. Fan, Q.J. Xiang, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 118(2022) 54-63.
[16] Y. Yang, J.J. Liu, M.L. Gu, B. Cheng, L.X. Wang, J.G. Yu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 333(2023) 122780.
[17] T. Li, X.F. Wang, Z.L. Jin, Mol. Catal. 513(2021) 111829.
[18] T. Li, L.J. Zhang, Y.J. Li, X.D. Jiang, Z.L. Jin, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 5(2022) 11339-11350.
[19] J.F. Jing, J. Yang, Z.J. Zhang, Y.F. Zhu, Adv. Energy Mater. 11(2021) 2101392.
[20] X. Li, J.G. Yu, M. Jaroniec, Chem. Soc. Rev. 45(2016) 2603-2636.
[21] L. Shang, B. Tong, H.J. Yu, G.I.N.Waterhouse, C. Zhou, Y.F. Zhao, M. Tahir, L.Z. Wu, C.H. Tung, T.R. Zhang, Adv. Energy Mater. 6(2016) 1501241.
[22] L.J. Zhang, Z.L. Jin, N. Tsubaki, Chem. Eng. J. 438(2022) 135238.
[23] Y.J. Wang, W.J. Huang, S.H. Guo, X. Xin, Y.Z. Zhang, P. Guo, S.W. Tang, X.H. Li, Adv. Energy Mater. 11(2021) 2102452.
[24] T. Li, Z.L. Jin, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 605(2022) 385-397.
[25] N. Zhao, J. Peng, G. Liu, Y.W. Zhang, W.Y. Lei, Z.B. Yin, J.Q. Li, M.L. Zhai, J. Mater. Chem. A 6 (2018) 18458-18468.
[26] Y.P. Bhoi, B.G. Mishra, Chem. Eng. J. 344(2018) 391-401.
[27] D. Liu, W.B. Cai, Y.G. Wang, Y.F. Zhu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 236(2018) 205-211.
[28] S.J. Li, C.C. Wang, M.J. Cai, Y.P. Liu, K.X. Dong, J.L. Zhang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 624(2022) 219-232.
[29] D.R. Qin, Y. Xia, Q. Li, C. Yang, Y.M. Qin, K.K. Lv, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 56(2020) 206-215.
[30] Z.L. Jin, X.P. Wang, Y.L. Wu, T. Li, 2D Mater. 10(2023) 025022.
[31] D.Z. Xiang, X.Q. Hao, X. Guo, G.R. Wang, K.C. Yang, Z.L. Jin, Adv. Mater. Interfaces 9 (2022) 2201400.
[32] E.M. Akinoglu, D.A. Hoogeveen, C. Cao, A.N. Simonov, J.J. Jasieniak, ACS Nano 15 (2021) 7860-7878.
[33] F.S. Xing, R.Y. Zeng, C.C. Cheng, Q.W. Liu, C.J. Huang, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 306(2022) 121087.
[34] F.Y. Xu, L.Y. Zhang, B. Cheng, J.G. Yu, ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. 6(2018) 12291-12298.
[35] F.S. Xing, C.C. Cheng, J.W. Zhang, Q.W. Liu, C. Chen, C.J. Huang, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 285(2021) 119818.
[36] J.W. Fu, Q.L. Xu, J.X. Low, C.J. Jiang, J.G. Yu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 243(2019) 556-565.
[37] L.X. Wang, C.B. Bie, J.G. Yu, Trends Chem. 4(2022) 973-983.
[38] Q.L. Xu, L.Y. Zhang, B. Cheng, J.J. Fan, J.G. Yu, Chem 6 (2020) 1543-1559.
[39] Y.K. Zhu, Y. Zhuang, L.L. Wang, H. Tang, X.F. Meng, X.L. She, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2558-2568.
[40] G.R. Wang, Y.K. Quan, K.C. Yang, Z.L. Jin, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 121(2022) 28-39.
[41] X.M. Jia, Z.C. Shen, Q.F. Han, H.P. Bi, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 288-302.
[42] R.Y. Chen, J.Z. Xia, Y.G. Chen, H.F. Shi, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 39(2023) 2209012.
[43] W.Q. Guo, H.L. Luo, Z. Jiang, W.F. Shangguan, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 316-328.
[44] H. Alshaikh, L.A.Al-Hajji, M.H.H. Mahmoud, A .A . Ismail, Sep. Purif. Technol. 272(2021) 118914.
[45] D. Majhi, A.K. Mishra, K. Das, R. Bariki, B.G. Mishra, Chem. Eng. J. 413(2021) 127506.
[46] K.N. Van, H.T. Huu, V.N.N. Thi, T.L.L. Thi, D.H. Truong, T.T. Truong, N.N. Dao, V. Vo, D.L. Tran, Y. Vasseghian, Chemosphere 289 (2022) 133120.
[47] R.M. Mohamed, A .A . Ismail, Ceram.Int. 47(2021) 9659-9667.
[48] H.T. Huu, M.D.N.Thi, V.P. Nguyen, L.N. Thi, T.T.T.Phan, Q.D. Hoang, H.H. Luc, S.J. Kim, Sci. Rep. 11(2021) 14787.
[49] R.Y. Chen, J.Z. Xia, Y.G. Chen, H.F. Shi, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 329-338.
[50] M. Dai, Z.L. He, P. Zhang, X. Li, S.G. Wang, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 122(2022) 231-242.
[51] M.Y. Zhao, S. Liu, D.M. Chen, S.S. Zhang, S.A.C.Carabineiro, K.L. Lv, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2615-2624.
[52] Y.C. Wei, Q.Q. Zhang, Y. Zhou, X.F. Ma, L.L. Wang, Y.J. Wang, R.J. Sa, J.L. Long, X.Z. Fu, R.S. Yuan, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2665-2677.
[53] Y. Liu, X.Q. Hao, H.Q. Hu, Z.L. Jin, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2021) 2008030.
[54] W.H. Xue, H.L. Sun, X.Y. Hu, X. Bai, J. Fan, E.Z. Liu, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 234-245.
[55] Y.F. Li, Z.L. Xia, Q. Yang, L.X. Wang, Y. Xing, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 125(2022) 128-144.
[56] J.X. Bai, R.C. Shen, Z.M. Jiang, P. Zhang, Y.J. Li, X. Li, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 359-369.
[57] L. Sun, L.L. Li, J.J. Fan, Q.L. Xu, D.K. Ma, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 123(2022) 41-48.
[58] Z. Li, W. Liu, C.X. Chen, T.T. Ma, J.F. Zhang, Z.H. Wang, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 39(2023) 2208030.
[59] S.C. Liu, K. Wang, M.X. Yang, Z.L. Jin, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2109023.
[60] H.R. Zhou, J. Ke, D.S. Xu, J. Liu, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 136(2023) 169-179.
[61] H.Y. Li, H.M. Gong, Z.L. Jin, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2201037.
[62] S. Zulfiqar, S. Liu, N. Rahman, H. Tang, S. Shah, X.H. Yu, Q.Q. Liu, Rare Met. 40(2021) 2381-2391.
[63] M. Mousavi, S. Moradian, P. Pourhakkak, G.K. Zhang, M.M. Habibi, M. Madadi, J.B. Ghasemi, J. Mater. Sci. 57(2022) 9145-9163.
[64] D.S. Zhou, S. Shao, X. Zhang, T.M. Di, J. Zhang, T.L. Wang, C.W. Wang, J. Mater. Chem. A 11 (2023) 401-407.
[65] P.F. Xia, X.C. Pan, S.L. Jiang, J.G. Yu, B.W. He, P.M. Ismail, W. Bai, J.J. Yang, L. Yang, H.H. Zhang, M. Cheng, H.Y. Li, Q. Zhang, C. Xiao, Y. Xie, Adv. Mater. 34(2022) 2200563.
[66] M. Moradi, B. Kakavandi, A. Bahadoran, S. Giannakis, E. Dehghanifard, Sep. Purif. Technol. 285(2022) 120313.
[67] K.Q. Xu, J. Shen, S.Y. Zhang, D.F. Xu, X.H. Chen, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 121(2022) 236-244.
[68] L. Zhou, Y.F. Li, Y.K. Zhang, L.W. Qiu, Y. Xing, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2112027.
[69] F.A .Qaraah, S.A . Mahyoub, A . Hezam, A . Qaraah, Q.A . Drmosh, G.L. Xiu, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2637-2651.
[70] Z.Q. Zan, X.B. Li, X.M. Gao, J.T. Huang, Y.D. Luo, L. Han, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 39(2023) 2209016.
[71] R.A. He, S.J. Ou, Y.X. Liu, Y. Liu, D.F. Xu, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 370-378.
[72] W.L. Wang, H.C. Zhang, Y.G. Chen, H.F. Shi, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2201008.
[73] N.N. Chen, X.M. Jia, H. He, H.L. Lin, M.N. Guo, J. Cao, J.F. Zhang, S.F. Chen, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 276-287.
[74] X.B. Li, J.Y. Liu, J.T. Huang, C.Z. He, Z.J. Feng, Z. Chen, L.Y. Wan, F. Deng, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2021) 2010030.
[75] Y.R. Xu, X.D. Zhu, H. Yan, P.P. Wang, M.S. Song, C.C. Ma, Z.R. Chen, J.Y. Chu, X.L. Liu, Z.Y. Lu, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 1111-1122.
[76] R.A. He, R. Chen, J.H. Luo, S.Y. Zhang, D.F. Xu, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2021) 2011022.
[77] K.L. He, R.C. Shen, L. Hao, Y.J. Li, P. Zhang, J.Z. Jiang, X. Li, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2201021.
[78] S.J. Li, M.J. Cai, Y.P. Liu, C.C. Wang, K.L. Lv, X.B. Chen, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2652-2664.
[79] X.B. Li, Q.N. Luo, L. Han, F. Deng, Y. Yang, F. Dong, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 114(2022) 222-232.
[80] X.M. Gu, T.J. Chen, J. Lei, Y. Yang, X.Z. Zheng, S.J. Zhang, Q.S. Zhu, X.L. Fu, S.G. Meng, S.F. Chen, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2569-2580.
[81] S.J. Li, M.J. Cai, C.C. Wang, Y.P. Liu, N. Li, P. Zhang, X. Li, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 123(2022) 177-190.
[82] D.E. Lee, S. Moru, K.P. Reddy, W.K. Jo, S. Tonda, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 148(2023) 19-30.
[83] Y.M. Dai, C.Y. Li, W.H. Ting, J.M. Jehng, J. Environ. Chem.Eng. 10(2022) 108045.
[84] S. Wageh, A .A . Al-Ghamdi, L.J. Liu, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2022) 2010024.
[85] B. Su, H.W. Huang, Z.X. Ding, M.B.J.Roeffaers, S.B. Wang, J.L. Long, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 124(2022) 164-170.
[86] M. Sayed, B.C. Zhu, P.Y. Kuang, X.Y. Liu, B. Cheng, A .A .A . Ghamdi, S.Wageh, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, Adv. Sust. Syst. 6(2022) 2100264.
[87] J.C. Wang, X. Qiao, W.N. Shi, J. He, J. Chen, W.Q. Zhang, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 39(2023) 2210003.
[88] Z.W. Zhao, X.F. Li, K. Dai, J.F. Zhang, G. Dawson, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 117(2022) 109-119.
[89] H. Yang, J.F. Zhang, K. Dai, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 255-264.
[90] Y.F. Li, M. Zhang, L. Zhou, S.J. Yang, Z.S. Wu, Y.H. Ma, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2021) 2009030.
[91] X.X. Zhao, M.Y. Xu, X.H. Song, W.Q. Zhou, X. Liu, P.W. Huo, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2625-2636.
[92] Y. Huang, K. Dai J.F. Zhang, G. Dawson, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2539-2547.
[93] X.G. Fei, H.Y. Tan, B. Cheng, B.C. Zhu, L.Y. Zhang, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2021) 2010027.
[94] J.Q. Wang, H. Cheng, D.Q. Wei, Z.H. Li, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2606-2614.
[95] B.C. Zhu, X.Y. Hong, L.Y. Tang, Q.Q. Liu, H. Tang, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2111008.
[96] Z.L. Zhao, J. Bian, L.N. Zhao, H.J. Wu, S. Xu, L. Sun, Z.J. Li, Z.Q. Zhang, L.Q. Jing, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 1331-1340.
[97] X.Y. Yue, L. Cheng, J.J. Fan, Q.J. Xiang, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 304(2022) 120979.
[98] F.F. Mei, J.F. Zhang, C.H. Liang, K. Dai, Mater. Lett. 282(2021) 128722.
[99] F.F. Mei, K. Dai, J.F. Zhang, L.L. Li, C.H. Liang, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 608(2022) 1846-1856.
[100] L.X. Wang, B.C. Zhu, J.J. Zhang, J.B. Ghasemi, M. Mousavi, J.G. Yu, Matter 5 (2022) 4187-4211.
[101] Z.L. Wang, B. Cheng, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, Y.J. Li, S. Wageh, A .A . Al-Ghamdi, Chin.J. Catal. 43(2022) 1657-1666.
[102] L.B. Wang, X.G. Fei, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, B. Cheng, Y.H. Ma, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 112(2022) 1-10.
[103] S.M. Ghoreishian, K.S. Ranjith, B. Park, S.K. Hwang, R. Hosseini, R.B. Ardakani, S.M. Pourmortazavi, H.U. Lee, B. Son, S. Mirsadeghi, Y.K. Han, Y.S. Huh, Chem. Eng. J. 419(2021) 129530.
[104] Z.C. Jiang, B. Cheng, Y. Zhang, S. Wageh, A .A . Al-Ghamdi, J.G. Yu, L.X. Wang, J. Mater. Sci. Technol. 124(2022) 193-201.
[105] C. Yang, S.J. Wan, B.C. Zhu, J.G. Yu, S.W. Cao, Angew. Chem. Int. Edit. 61(2022) e202208438.
[106] Y. Yang, B. Cheng, J.G. Yu, L.X. Wang, W. Ho, Nano Res. 16(2023) 4506-4514.
[107] G.W. Han, F.Y. Xu, B. Cheng, Y.J. Li, J.G. Yu, L.Y. Zhang, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2112037.
[108] B.W. He, Z.L. Wang, P. Xiao, T. Chen, J.G. Yu, L.Y. Zhang, Adv. Mater. 34(2022) 2203225.
[109] R.A. He, D.F. Xu, X. Li, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 138(2023) 256-258.
[110] B.W. He, C. Luo, Z.L. Wang, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 323(2023) 122200.
[111] X.B. Li, B.B. Kang, F. Dong, Z.Q. Zhang, X.D. Luo, L. Han, J.T. Huang, Z.J. Feng, Z. Chen, J.L. Xu, B.L. Peng, Z.L. Wang, Nano Energy 81 (2021) 105671.
[112] M.L. Gu, Y. Yang, L.Y. Zhang, B.C. Zhu, G.J. Liang, J.G. Yu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 324(2023) 122227.
[113] B.W. Liu, C.B. Bie, Y. Zhang, L.X. Wang, Y.J. Li, J.G. Yu, Langmuir 37 (2021) 14114-14124.
[114] D. Li, C.J. Zhou, Z.K. Xie, D.H. Chen, Y.M. Zhou, X.L. Shi, D.L. Jiang, M. Chen, W.D. Shi, Solar RRL 5 (2021) 2000813.
[115] K. Wang, X.Z. Feng, Y.Z. Shangguan, X.Y. Wu, H. Chen, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 246-254.
[116] A.Y. Meng, B. Cheng, H.Y. Tan, J.J. Fan, C.L. Su, J.G. Yu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 289(2021) 120039.
[117] Z.Z. Zhang, X.H. Liu, L. Yuanling, H. Yu, W.J. Li, H.B. Yu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 319(2022) 121960.
[118] S.M. Liang, Y.J. Chen, W. Han, Y.Z. Jiao, W. Li, G.H. Tian, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 630(2023) 11-22.
[119] A. Kumar, P.R. Thakur, G. Sharma, D.V.N. Vo, M. Naushad, T. Tatarchuk, A. García- Peñas, B. Du, F.J. Stadler, Chemosphere 287 (2022) 132301.
[120] X. Li, A. Xu, H.G. Fan, X.Y. Liu, J. Wang, J. Cao, L.L. Yang, M.B. Wei, J. Power Sources 545 (2022) 231923.
[121] L. Cheng, X.Y. Yue, J.J. Fan, Q.J. Xiang, Adv. Mater. 34(2022) 2200929.
[122] Y.L. Wang, W.J. He, J. Xiong, Z.L. Tang, Y.C. Wei, X. Wang, H. Xu, X. Zhang, Z. Zhao, J. Liu, Fuel 331 (2023) 125719.
[123] Z.R. Miao, Q.L. Wang, Y.F. Zhang, L.P. Meng, X.X. Wang, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 301(2022) 120802.
[124] L.B. Wang, B. Cheng, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, Small 17 (2021) 2103447.
[125] Z.L. Wang, B. Cheng, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, H.Y. Tan, Solar RRL 6 (2022) 2100587.
[126] M. Benaissa, N. Abbas, S.A. Arni, N. Elboughdiri, A. Moumen, M.S. Hamdy, H.S.M.Abd-Rabboh, A.H. Galal, M.G. Al-Metwaly, M.A. Ahmed, Opt. Mater. 118(2021) 111237.
[127] H.S.M.Abd-Rabboh, A.H. Galal, R.A. Aziz, M.A. Ahmed, RSC Adv. 11(2021) 29507-29518.
[128] A. Bahadoran, S. Masudy-Panah, J.R.D. Lile, J.H. Li, J.J. Gu, B. Sadeghi, S. Ramakrishna, Q.L. Liu, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 46 (2021) 24094-24106.
[129] S. Cao, J.G. Yu, S. Wageh, A .A . Al-Ghamdi, M. Mousavi, J.B. Ghasemi, F.Y. Xu, J. Mater. Chem. A 10 (2022) 17174-17184.
[130] J.X. Bai, R.C. Shen, W.L. Chen, J. Xie, P. Zhang, Z.M. Jiang, X. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 429(2022) 132587.
[131] C. Cheng, B.W. He, J.J. Fan, B. Cheng, S.W. Cao, J.G. Yu, Adv. Mater. 33(2021) 2100317.
[132] J.X. Bai, W.L. Chen, R.C. Shen, Z.M. Jiang, P. Zhang, W. Liu, X. Li, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 112(2022) 85-95.
[133] F. He, A.Y. Meng, B. Cheng, W. Ho, J.G. Yu, Chin. J. Catal. 41(2020) 9-20.
[134] Z.L. Jin, Y.L. Wu, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 327(2023) 122461.
[135] Z.Z. Liang, R.C. Shen, P. Zhang, Y.J. Li, N. Li, X. Li, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2581-2591.
[136] J.X. Bai, W.L. Chen, L. Hao, R.C. Shen, P. Zhang, N. Li, X. Li, Chem. Eng. J. 447(2022) 137488.
[137] J.K. Li, M. Li, Z.L. Jin, Mol. Catal. 501(2021) 111378.
[138] Z.H. Yu, X.Y. Yue, J.J. Fan, Q.J. Xiang, ACS Catal. 12(2022) 6345-6358.
[139] M.Y. Qi, M. Conte, M. Anpo, Z.R. Tang, Y.J. Xu, Chem. Rev. 121(2021) 13051-13085.
[140] X.J. Guan, L. Tian, Y.Z. Zhang, J.W. Shi, S.H. Shen, Nano Res. 16(2023) 4568-4573.
[141] X.H. Ma, Y.N. Liu, Y.P. Wang, Z.L. Jin, Energy Fuels 35 (2021) 6231-6239.
[142] J.X. Low, J.G. Yu, M. Jaroniec, S. Wageh, A .A . Al-Ghamdi, Adv.Mater. 29(2017) 1601694.
[143] L.Y. Zhang, J.J. Zhang, H.G. Yu, J.G. Yu, Adv. Mater. 34(2022) 2107668.
[144] H.Z. Deng, X.G. Fei, Y. Yang, J.J. Fan, J.G. Yu, B. Cheng, L.Y. Zhang, Chem. Eng. J. 409(2021) 127377.
[145] D.D. Ren, W.N. Zhang, Y.N. Ding, R.C. Shen, Z.M. Jiang, X.Y. Lu, X. Li, Solar RRL 4 (2020) 1900423.
[146] L. Dou, J.B. Zhong, J.Z. Li, R. Pandian, C. Burda, Appl. Surf. Sci. 544(2021) 148883.
[147] A.R.M. Shaheer, V. Vinesh, S.K. Lakhera, B. Neppolian, Sol. Energy 213 (2021) 260-270.
[148] Z.L. Jin, X.P. Wang, Mater. Today Energy 30 (2022) 101164.
[149] P.Y. Dong, A. Zhang, T. Cheng, J.K. Pan, J. Song, L. Zhang, R.F. Guan, X.G. Xi, J.L. Zhang, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2592-2605.
[150] J.Z. Jiang, Z.G. Xiong, H.T. Wang, G.D. Liao, S.S. Bai, J. Zou, P.X. Wu, P. Zhang, X. Li, J. Mater. Sci.Technol. 118(2022) 15-24.
[151] X.H. Li, T. Li, H. Liu, K. Wang, X. Guo, Y.J. Li, Z.L. Jin, Int. J. Hydrog. Energy 47 (2022) 11561-11573.
[152] Z.H. Mei, G.H. Wang, S.D. Yan, J. Wang, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 37(2021) 2009097.
[153] J.M. Li, C.C. Wu, J. Li, B.H. Dong, L. Zhao, S.M. Wang, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 339-349.
[154] Z.L. Jin, T. Li, L.J. Zhang, X.P. Wang, G.R. Wang, X.Q. Hao, J. Mater. Chem. A 10 (2022) 1976-1991.
[155] Y. Huang, F.F. Mei, J.F. Zhang, K. Dai, G. Dawson, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin. 38(2022) 2108028.
[156] S. Vignesh, S. Chandrasekaran, M. Srinivasan, R. Anbarasan, R. Perumalsamy, E. Arumugam, M. Shkir, H. Algarni, S. AlFaify, Chemosphere 288 (2022) 132611.
[157] A . Alsalme, A .H. Galal, E.F. El-Sherbeny, A. Soltan, M.F. Abdel-Messih, M.A. Ahmed, Diam. Relat. Mater. 122(2022) 108819.
[158] X.Y. Liu, M. Sayed, C.B. Bie, B. Cheng, B.W. Hu, J.G. Yu, L.Y. Zhang, J. Materiomics 7 (2021) 419-439.
[159] J. Wang, G.H. Wang, B. Cheng, J.G. Yu, J.J. Fan, Chin. J. Catal. 42(2021) 56-68.
[160] W.X. Yang, G.Z. Ma, Y. Fu, K. Peng, H.L. Yang, X.Q. Zhan, W.Y. Yang, L. Wang, H.L. Hou, Chem. Eng. J. 429(2022) 132381.
[161] T. Yan, H. Liu, Z.L. Jin, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces 13 (2021) 24896-24906.
[162] K.C. Yang, H.Y. Zhang, T.X. Liu, D.Z. Xiang, Y.J. Li, Z.L. Jin, J. Electroanal. Chem. 922(2022) 116749.
[163] A.Y. Meng, S. Zhou, D. Wen, P.G. Han, Y.R. Su, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2548-2557.
[164] Y. Zhao, Y.R. Guo, J.B. Li, P. Li, Int. J. Hydrogen Energy 46 (2021) 18922-18935.
[165] L.J. Zhang, X.D. Jiang, Z.L. Jin, N. Tsubaki, J. Mater. Chem. A 10 (2022) 10715-10728.
[166] K. Wang, S.C. Liu, M.X. Yang, Z.L. Jin, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 107(2023) 70-82.
[167] K.N. Van, H.T. Huu, V.N.N.Thi, T.L.T.Le, Q.D. Hoang, Q.V. Dinh, V. Vo, D.L. Tran, Y. Vasseghian, Environ. Res. 206(2022) 112556.
[168] N. Güy, K. Atacan, M. Özacar, Renew. Energy 195 (2022) 107-120.
[169] G.P. Jiang, C.Y. Zheng, Z.L. Jin, Mater. Sci. Semicond. Proc. 135(2021) 106128.
[170] Y.K. Quan, G.R. Wang, Z.L. Jin, ACS Appl. Energy Mater. 4(2021) 8550-8562.
[171] X.C. Wang, K. Maeda, A. Thomas, K. Takanabe, G. Xin, J.M. Carlsson, K. Domen, M. Antonietti, Nat. Mater. 8(2009) 76-80.
[172] Z.L. Jin, L.J. Zhang, G.R. Wang, Y.B. Li, Y.B. Wang, Sustain. Energy Fuels 4 (2020) 5088-5101.
[173] Y.P. Wang, X.Q. Hao, L.J. Zhang, Z.L. Jin, T.S. Zhao, Catal. Sci. Technol. 11(2021) 943-955.
[174] T. Yan, H. Liu, Z.L. Jin, Energy Fuels 35 (2021) 856-867.
[175] B. Rhimi, C.Y. Wang, D.W. Bahnemann, J. Phys. Energy 2 (2020) 042003.
[176] L.L. Wang, T. Yang, L.J. Peng, Q.Q. Zhang, X.L. She, H. Tang, Q.Q. Liu, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 2720-2731.
[177] T. Li, Y.J. Li, Z.L. Jin, Inorg. Chem. 61(2022) 12809-12821.
[178] P. Su, H. Liu, Z.L. Jin, Appl. Surf. Sci. 571(2022) 151288.
[179] Z.L. Jin, X.H. Li, T. Li, Y.J. Li, Langmuir 38 (2022) 15632-15641.
[180] Y.F. Shao, X.Q. Hao, Z.L. Jin, Solar RRL 7 (2023) 2201054.
[181] Z.B. Fan, X. Guo, F.J. Liu, Y.J. Li, L.J. Zhang, Z.L. Jin, Appl. Mater. Today 29 (2022) 101637.
[182] L. Sun, L. Ling, J. Yang, J.J. Fan, Q.L. Xu, Chin. J. Catal. 43(2022) 350-358.
[183] Q.L. Xu, B.C. Zhu, B. Cheng, J.G. Yu, M.H. Zhou, W. Ho, Appl. Catal. B-Environ. 255(2019) 117770.
[184] P. Su, H. Liu, Z.L. Jin, Inorg. Chem. 60(2021) 19402-19413.
[185] Y.N. Liu, X.H. Ma, X.D. Jiang, Z.L. Jin, Nanoscale 14 (2022) 12077-12089.
[186] Z.L. Jin, X.D. Jiang, Y.N. Liu, Renew. Energy 201 (2022) 854-863.
[187] X.P. Wang, T. Li, X.Y. Wang, Z.L. Jin, J. Mater. Chem. C 11 (2023) 1798-1811.
[188] T. Li, L.J. Zhang, X.P. Wang, X.H. Li, Z.L. Jin, J. Mater. Chem. C 10 (2022) 8750-8761.
[189] T. Li, Z.L. Jin, J. Catal. 417(2023) 274-285.
[190] F.Y. Xu, K. Meng, S. Cao, C.H. Jiang, T. Chen, J.S. Xu, J.G. Yu, ACS Catal. 12(2022) 164-172.
[191] C. Cheng, J.J. Zhang, B.C. Zhu, G.J. Liang, L.Y. Zhang, J.G. Yu, Angew. Chem. Int- Edit. 62(2023) e202218688.
[192] X.W. Ruan, C.X. Huang, H. Cheng, Z.Q. Zhang, Y. Cui, Z.Y. Li, T.F. Xie, K.K. Ba, H.Y. Zhang, L. Zhang, X. Zhao, J. Leng, S.Y. Jin, W. Zhang, W.T. Zheng, S.K. Ravi, Z.F. Jiang, X.Q. Cui, J.G. Yu, Adv. Mater. 35(2023) 2209141.
[193] Z.L. Jin, T. Li, K. Wang, X. Guo, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 609(2022) 212-223.
[194] H.N. Ge, F.Y. Xu, B. Cheng, J.G. Yu, W. Ho, ChemCatChem 11 (2019) 6301-6309.