Effect of the chloride ion on advanced oxidation processes catalyzed by Fe-based metallic glass for wastewater treatment

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.11.044

Abstract

Abstract:

Fe-based metallic glasses (Fe-MGs) are potential candidate catalysts for advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for recalcitrant organic pollutant degradation. However, industrial wastewater and natural contaminated sites usually contain abundant inorganic ions, like the chloride ion (Cl^-), which significantly affect AOPs, but their influence on MG-activated AOPs still remains unclear. Through the study of three commonly used oxidants, hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), peroxydisulfate (PDS), and peroxymonosulfate (PMS), the effect of Cl^- on the FeSiB-catalyzed process of degradation of the typical azo dye Orange II was investigated. Evidence indicates that the addition of Cl^- resulted in the monotonous inhibition of the degradation process when the H₂O₂/FeSiB and PDS/FeSiB systems were employed, but promoted effect was detected with the PMS/FeSiB system, which is different from the previously observed dual effect of Cl^-. It is closely relative with FeSiB induced unique variety of degradation pathways, including radicals, non-radicals (¹O₂), and direct reduction degradation. Moreover, the presence of Cl^- significantly affected the systems’ absorbable organic halogen content and the amount of Fe leached into the solution. The results of this work will provide essential references for Fe-based MG used as AOP catalysts in field applications and the development of advanced MGs with excellent adaptability to complex environments.

Key words: Fe-based metallic glass, Advanced oxidation processes, Wastewater treatment, Chlorine ion

Shuangqin Chen, Mai Li, Qingmin Ji, Tao Feng, Si Lan, KeFu Yao. Effect of the chloride ion on advanced oxidation processes catalyzed by Fe-based metallic glass for wastewater treatment[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2022, 117: 49-58.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1. Monitoring the degradation of azo dye Orange II (OII) catalyzed by FeSiB MG ribbons at different concentrations of chloride ions and in the presence of (a) H2O2, (b) peroxydisulfate (PDS), and (c) peroxymonosulfate (PMS) acting as oxidants. (d) Observed reaction rate and removal efficiency of OII at the 60 min mark catalyzed by FeSiB MG ribbons. Unless specified otherwise, the experimental conditions were the following: C0, 100 mg/L; solution volume, 250 mL; ribbon dosage, 500 mg/L; temperature, 25 °C; pH 3.

Fig. 2. Scanning electron microscopy images of FeSiB MG ribbons after 60 min of azo dye Orange II solution degradation reaction in the (a, b) FeSiB/H2O2, (c, d) FeSiB/H2O2/Cl-, (e, f) FeSiB/PDS, (g, h) FeSiB/PDS/Cl-, (i, j) FeSiB/PMS, and (k-m) FeSiB/PMS/Cl- systems. PDS: peroxydisulfate; PMS: peroxymonosulfate.

Fig. 3. X-ray diffraction patterns of fresh FeSiB MG ribbons and the said ribbons after being utilized to catalyze the degradation of azo dye Orange II in FeSiB/H2O2, FeSiB/H2O2/Cl-, FeSiB/PDS-, FeSiB/PDS/Cl-, FeSiB/PMS, and FeSiB/PMS/Cl- systems. PDS: peroxydisulfate; PMS: peroxymonosulfate.

Fig. 4. Fina scan X-ray photoelectron spectra of (a) Fe 2p, (b) Si 2p, (c) B 1 s, and (d) O 1 s in binding energy regions for the FeSiB MG ribbons before and after the said ribbons were utilized to catalyze the degradation of azo dye Orange II solutions in the FeSiB/H2O2, FeSiB/H2O2/Cl-, FeSiB/PDS, FeSiB/PDS/Cl-, FeSiB/PMS, and FeSiB/PMS/Cl- systems. PDS: peroxydisulfate; PMS: peroxymonosulfate.

Fig. 5. Concentrations of absorbable organic halogen (AOX) species (a) and of Fe ions leached into the solution of azo dye Orange II (b) determined in FeSiB/H2O2, FeSiB/H2O2/Cl-, FeSiB/PDS, FeSiB/PDS/Cl-, FeSiB/PMS, and FeSiB/PMS/Cl- systems. PDS: peroxydisulfate; PMS: peroxymonosulfate.

Fig. 6. Durability of the FeSiB metallic glassy ribbon catalysts in FeSiB/PMS system with addition of 30 g/L Cl-, (a) normalized concentration of OII vs. degradation time, and (b) degradation rate and degradation efficiency vs. cycle times.

Fig. 7. Data reflecting the degradation of azo dye Orange II in the presence of different quenchers in the (a) FeSiB/H2O2, (b) FeSiB/H2O2/Cl-, (c) FeSiB/PDS, (d) FeSiB/PDS/Cl-, (e) FeSiB/PMS, and (f) FeSiB/PMS/Cl- systems. (g) DMPO and (h) TEMP spin-trapping electron paramagnetic resonance spectrometry experiments conducted in FeSiB/H2O2, FeSiB/H2O2/Cl-, FeSiB/PDS, FeSiB/PDS/Cl-, FeSiB/PMS, and FeSiB/PMS/Cl- systems. MeOH: methanol; FFA: furfuryl alcohol; TBA: tert-butanol; PDS: peroxydisulfate; PMS: peroxymonosulfate; DMPO: 5,5-dimethyle-1-pyrolene N-oxide; TEMP: 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidinol.

Fig. 8. Possible catalytic mechanism of the degradation of azo dye Orange II (OII) in the FeSiB/ (H2O2, PDS, PMS)/Cl- systems.

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