Multifunctional HDPE/CNTs/PW composite phase change materials with excellent thermal and electrical conductivities

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2021.02.009

Abstract

Abstract:

The risk of leakage and low thermal conductivity severely hinder the wide application of phase change materials (PCMs). In this work, the high-density polyethylene/carbon nanotubes (HDPE/CNTs) porous scaffolds were successfully fabricated via a sacrificial template method followed by the general melt blending and water solvent etching. Subsequently, a series of paraffin wax HDPE/CNTs/PW composite PCMs were obtained combined with the simple vacuum impregnation method. The obtained HDPE/CNTs porous scaffolds can effectively avoid the leakage of PW, meanwhile, the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 are increased by 2.94 times and 13 orders of magnitude compared with the HDPE/PW-3:7 respectively, also, it exhibits high phase change enthalpy (153.95 J/g for melting enthalpy and 152.82 J/g for crystallization enthalpy). From the above perspectives, the HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 has promising potential value in the application of light-to-thermal conversion, electro-to-thermal conversion and thermal energy storage.

Key words: Paraffin wax, HDPE/CNTs porous scaffolds, Phase change materials, Thermal energy storage

Xiaolong Li, Xinxin Sheng, Yongqiang Guo, Xiang Lu, Hao Wu, Ying Chen, Li Zhang, Junwei Gu. Multifunctional HDPE/CNTs/PW composite phase change materials with excellent thermal and electrical conductivities[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 86: 171-179.

Figures/Tables 9

Scheme 1. Schematic diagram for the preparation of HDPE/CNTs/PW.

Fig. 1. SEM images of porous (a) HDPE/CNTs-3:7, (b) HDPE/CNTs-4:6 and (c) HDPE/CNTs-5:5, respectively; (d) the digital pictures of HDPE/CNTs/PEO before and after etching the PEO component (e) the weight loss ratio of HDPE/CNTs porous scaffolds obtained from HDPE/CNTs/PEO, and (f) the particle size distribution of HDPE/CNTs porous scaffolds.

Fig. 2. (a) Digital pictures of leakage test, and (b) the wta and waa of PW for SSCPCMs; the SEM images of (c and d) HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7, (e) HDPE/CNTs/PW-4:6 and (f) HDPE/CNTs/PW-5:5 after 24 h leakage test.

Fig. 3. (a) FTIR spectra of samples and (b) XRD patterns of PW, HDPE, HDPE/CNTs, and HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7.

Fig. 4. (a) DSC curves (b) phase change enthalpies, (c) enthalpy efficiencies and (d) the comparison of SSCPCMs and previous PW-based SSCPCMs [32,[43], [44], [45], [46], [47], [48], [49]].

Fig. 5. (a) UV-vis-NIR spectra of obtained SSCPCMs, (b) schematic of the setup for the light-to-thermal conversion test, in which the Sp1, Sp2, Sp3 and Sp4 are corresponding to the HDPE/PW-3:7, HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7, HDPE/CNTs/PW-4:6, and HDPE/CNTs/PW-5:5 respectively, (c) Temperature-time curves during the test, and (d) the IR thermography images of HDPE/PW-3:7 and SSCPCMs during the light-to-thermal conversion test, (e) thermal conductivity of obtained SSCPCMs.

Fig. 6. (a) Volume electrical conductivity of obtained SSCPCMs, (b) digital photos of HDPE/PW-3:7 and HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 in the circuit (b1, b2, and b3 are the current and bulb brightness changing process of HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 under 20 V, 25 V and 30 V, b4 is the picture of electrical conductivity for HDPE/PW-3:7 at 30 V); (c) the temperature-time curves and (d) IR thermography images of HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 under different voltages.

Fig. 7. (a) FTIR spectra, (b) XRD patterns, (c) DSC curves, (d) phase change enthalpy and (e) phase change temperatures of HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 before and after 50 cycles.

Fig. 8. TGA (a) and (b) curves of PW and HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7.

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