Significant capacitance enhancement induced by cyclic voltammetry in pine needle-like Ni-Co-Cu multicomponent electrode

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.10.051

Abstract

Abstract:

Poor conductivity and rate capability are the obstacles faced by nickel-cobalt composites as electrode materials for supercapacitor application. Herein, simple electrochemical treatment conducted by cyclic voltammetry is applied and the overall performance of the active material is considerably enhanced. We discover that this treatment triggers the formation of Ni-Co-Cu ternary composite and optimizes the crystal structure of the untreated counterpart. The areal capacitance of the treated sample rockets up to 6.13 F cm-2 at 2 mA cm-2, almost 13 times higher than the untreated ones. Besides, the resistance is substantially reduced by cyclic voltammetry treatment. Moreover, the Coulombic efficiency and stability are concurrently elevated. The reasons behind this treatment are mulled over and reasonable hypothesis is suggested. This study provides a cheap and effortless way to reform the structures of as-obtained samples as well as vigorously raise the performance of current available materials.

Key words: Cyclic voltammetry, Ni-Co-Cu ternary composite, Ion exchange, Supercapacitor

Liqianyun Xu, Liuyang Zhang, Bei Cheng, Jiaguo Yu, Ahmed A. Al-Ghamdi, S. Wageh. Significant capacitance enhancement induced by cyclic voltammetry in pine needle-like Ni-Co-Cu multicomponent electrode[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 78: 100-109.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the preparation procedures of NiCoCu-T.

Fig. 2. (a, c, e) Electrochemical performance of NiCoCu from 1st to 1000th cycles: (a) CV curves; (c) GCD curves; (e) Nyquist plots. (b, d, f) Performance comparison of NiCoCu, NiCoCu-T, CoCu, CoCu-T, NiCu and NiCu-T: (b) Areal capacitance based on CV; (d) GCD curves; (f) Nyquist plots.

Fig. 3. (a-d) FESEM images of materials: (a) CuH nanorods; (b) NiCoCu; (c, d) NiCoCu-T at different magnification. Water contact angle images of NiCoCu (e) and NiCoCu-T (f).

Fig. 4. (a) TEM image; (b) HRTEM image (including lower right inset); (c) EDS elemental mapping of NiCoCu-T.

Fig. 5. (a, b) High-resolution XPS and the Auger electron spectrum of Cu; (d, f) High-resolution XPS comparison of NiCoCu-T and NiCoCu: (b) Cu, (c) Ni, (d) Co, (e) O and (f) C.

Fig. 6. The photos of materials obtained at each step and simplified mechanism of the material evolution.

Fig. 7. (a) CV curves from 5 to 30 mV s-1; (b) GCD curves from 2 to 16 mA cm-2; (c) The ratio of capacitive contribution; (d) Cycling behavior of NiCoCu-T at 25 mA cm2.

Fig. 8. Electrochemical performances of NiCoCu-T//AC ASC: (a) CV curves of AC and NiCoCu-T; (b) CV curves of ASC at 50 mV s-1 in different potential windows; (c) CV curves from 10 to 50 mV s-1; (d) GCD curves from 2 to 15 mA cm-2; (e) Ragone plot in comparison with reported values; (f) Cycling behavior and Coulombic efficiency at 25 mA cm-2.

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