High energy-storage properties of Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3-BaTiO3-SrTi0.875Nb0.1O3 lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2018.06.008

Abstract

Abstract:

New lead-free ferroelectric (0.94-x)Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-0.06BaTiO₃-xSrTi_0.875Nb_0.1O₃ (BNBT-STN, x = 0 and 0.2) are synthesized by using a solid state reaction process. In this work, an obvious evolution of dielectric relaxation behavior and slim P-E hysteresis loops with high P_max and low P_r is observed for BNBT-0.2STN, indicating the dominant of ergodic relaxor phase with dynamic polar nano-regions (PNRs). A relatively large recoverable energy density (W_rec = 1.17 J/cm³) with high energy efficiency (η = 91%) is obtained. Furthermore, it shows small variation (9%) in the temperature range of 30-150 °C and fatigue-free behavior, which can be attributed to the absence of ferroelectric domain in the relaxor phase. The achievement of these characteristics provides that tailoring by B-site vacancies is a potential route when designing a new energy-storage system for BNT-based relaxor ferroelectric materials.

Key words: Lead-free, Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃, Energy storage, Relaxor

Jing Shi, Xiao Liu, Wenchao Tian. High energy-storage properties of Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-BaTiO₃-SrTi_0.875Nb_0.1O₃ lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2018, 34(12): 2371-2374.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. (a) Comparison of XRD patterns for virgin and ex-situ poled BNBT and BNBT-0.02STN ceramics, (b) locally magnified (111) and (200) diffraction peaks.

Fig. 2. Bipolar polarization hysteresis loops and current density curves of (a) BNBT and (b) BNBT-0.02STN ceramics.

Fig. 3. (a) Bipolar polarization hysteresis loops and schematic diagram of energy-storage parameters calculation at 85 kV/cm, (b) the unipolar polarization hysteresis loops under different electric fields at room temperature, (c) energy-storage density Wrec varying with the magnitude of the applied electric field of BNBT-0.2STN.

Table 1 Comparison of ferroelectric and energy storage properties of several lead-free ceramics.

Compounds	W_rec (J/cm³)	η (%)	E (kV/cm)	Ref.
BNT-ST-NN	0.73	55%	70	[27]
BNT-BCZT-MgO	1.37	61.43%	179.1	[28]
BNT-BT-NBN	1.4	66.3%	142	[29]
BNT-BT-BTZ	0.952	79%	80	[30]
BNT-BT-KN	0.89	73%	100	[31]
BNTBT-SZ-NN	0.95	66%	110	[32]
BNBT-STN	1.17	91%	105	This work

Fig. 4. (a) The calculated energy-storage densities Wrec and efficiencies η, (b) the unipolar polarization hysteresis loops under 85 kV/cm at different temperature from 30 °C to 150 °C of BNBT-0.2STN, (c) the fatigue properties of Pmax, Pr and bipolar polarization hysteresis loops under 75 kV/cm at room temperature of BNBT-0.2STN.

Fig. 5. Temperature dependence of relative permittivity (ε′) and dielectric loss tangent (tanδ) of unpoled and poled BNBT-0.2STN ceramics.

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High energy-storage properties of Bi_0.5Na_0.5TiO₃-BaTiO₃-SrTi_0.875Nb_0.1O₃ lead-free relaxor ferroelectrics

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