Enhanced chemodynamic therapy for biofilm eradication: A self-supplied H2O2 nanoplatform with integrated photothermal property

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2024.11.040

Abstract

Abstract: Bacterial biofilm infections, characterized by high mortality and challenging recovery, pose a significant global health risk. Developing innovative antibacterial materials and therapies, particularly those that mitigate resistance, is essential for effectively addressing biofilm-associated infections. Chemical dynamic therapy (CDT), which relies on hydroxyl radicals (·OH) generated from hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) to eliminate bacteria, has demonstrated potential in treating planktonic infections. However, traditional CDT is less effective against biofilm-related infections due to limited endogenous H₂O₂ and the protective extracellular polymeric matrix within biofilms. In this study, a composite nanoplatform based on CuO₂ with self-supplying H₂O₂ capabilities and Fe₃O₄ with photothermal properties was designed to improve CDT efficacy for biofilm eradication. The Fe₃O₄/CuO₂ composite nanoparticles (FC NPs) were synthesized by incorporating CuO₂ into hollow mesoporous Fe₃O₄ using an in-situ growth technique. Within the mildly acidic biofilm microenvironment, CuO₂ decomposes to release Cu²⁺ and H₂O₂. The Cu²⁺ subsequently catalyzes the Fenton-like conversion of the released H₂O₂ into ·OH. Concurrently, near-infrared (NIR) irradiation of Fe₃O₄ generates significant heat, boosting ·OH production and increasing bacterial membrane permeability, thereby enhancing bacterial vulnerability to ·OH. This nanoplatform demonstrated remarkable CDT efficacy, eradicating over 99.99% of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and 99.97% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms within five minutes of NIR irradiation in vitro. Furthermore, in vivo experiments validated the nanoplatform's ability to eradicate biofilms and facilitate the healing of MRSA-infected wounds without adverse effects. This H₂O₂ self-supplying and heat-enhancing approach presents a promising strategy to overcome the limitations of CDT in biofilm-related infection treatment.

Key words: Bacterial biofilm, Chemical dynamic therapy, Hydroxyl radical, Hydrogen peroxide, Photothermal therapy

Dongxu Jia, Haixin Zhang, Wei Yang, Xinyan Zheng, Hu Xu, Yanxia Zhang, Qian Yu. Enhanced chemodynamic therapy for biofilm eradication: A self-supplied H₂O₂ nanoplatform with integrated photothermal property[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2025, 225: 203-211.

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Enhanced chemodynamic therapy for biofilm eradication: A self-supplied H₂O₂ nanoplatform with integrated photothermal property

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