Enhanced photodynamic therapy efficacy of Ni-doped/oxygen vacancy double-defect Ni-ZnO@C photosensitizer in bacteria-infected wounds based on ROS damage and ATP synthesis inhibition

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.018

J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2024, Vol. 192: 173-189.DOI: 10.1016/j.jmst.2024.01.018

• Research Article • Previous Articles Next Articles

Enhanced photodynamic therapy efficacy of Ni-doped/oxygen vacancy double-defect Ni-ZnO@C photosensitizer in bacteria-infected wounds based on ROS damage and ATP synthesis inhibition

Rui Zhang^a,b,c,1, Zhiling Chen^a,d,1, Yi Li^c, Delun Chen^c, Tao Wang^a,e, Bingrong Wang^c, Qionglin Zhou^d, Shaowen Cheng^a,f, Dan Xu^g, Xiaohong Wang^c, Lina Niu^d, Jinchun Tu^c,*, Qiang Wu^a,b,f,*

^aThe First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China;
^bThe Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Tropical Medicine, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570311, China;
^cState Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;
^dHainan Medical University-The University of Hong Kong Joint Laboratory of Tropical Infectious Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Life Sciences, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China;
^eInternational School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China;
^fKey Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Research Unit of Island Emergency Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU013), Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China;
^gKey Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China

Received:2023-12-04 Revised:2023-12-26 Accepted:2024-01-16 Published:2024-09-01 Online:2024-02-06
Contact: * E-mail addresses: tujinchun@hainanu.edu.cn (J. Tu), wuqiang0 010 01@aliyun.com (Q. Wu).
About author:¹ These authors contributed equally to this work.

Abstract

Abstract: The use of zinc oxide (ZnO) photosensitizers (PSs)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) against bacterial wound infections is greatly restricted by diminished photocatalytic efficiency caused by the rapid recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes. In this work, ZnO PSs with a Ni-doped/oxygen vacancy and a protective carbon shell were successfully synthesized by calcinating a Ni-doping zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 precursor. The double-defect structure and the carbon-based substrates significantly promoted the efficiency of photogenerated electron-hole pair separation, meanwhile, the 3 % Ni doping endows it with great photocatalytic performance as elucidated by photodegradation assays of methylene blue (MB) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, reinforcing the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by ZnO and showing obvious advantages in antibacterial properties. As the enhanced photogenerated electron transfer and the ROS damage underwent localized accumulation, the PSs disturbed the bacterial membrane integrity and caused bacterial ATP synthesis inhibition, further leading to bacterial lysis and promoting bacterial deaths. Additionally, the PSs showed outstanding efficacy in eradicating bacterial biofilms. Simultaneously, the significantly enhanced PDT antibacterial performance of the PSs in vivo could initiate wound tissue repair and trigger anti-inflammatory reactions by significantly regulating the expression levels of regeneration- and inflammation-related genes or proteins. Furthermore, the PSs consistently exhibited favorable compatibility both in vitro and in vivo. In summary, this study offers evidence of the remarkably efficient and biologically safe performance of Ni-ZnO@C PSs, with antibacterial properties advancing wound healing, both in controlled laboratory environments and living organisms, further underscoring their substantial potential for biomedical applications.

Key words: Photodynamic therapy, Ni-ZnO@C photosensitizer, Antibacterial properties, ROS damage, ATP synthesis inhibition, Wound healing

Rui Zhang, Zhiling Chen, Yi Li, Delun Chen, Tao Wang, Bingrong Wang, Qionglin Zhou, Shaowen Cheng, Dan Xu, Xiaohong Wang, Lina Niu, Jinchun Tu, Qiang Wu. Enhanced photodynamic therapy efficacy of Ni-doped/oxygen vacancy double-defect Ni-ZnO@C photosensitizer in bacteria-infected wounds based on ROS damage and ATP synthesis inhibition[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2024, 192: 173-189.

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Enhanced photodynamic therapy efficacy of Ni-doped/oxygen vacancy double-defect Ni-ZnO@C photosensitizer in bacteria-infected wounds based on ROS damage and ATP synthesis inhibition

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