Hollow multi-nanochannel carbon nanofiber/MoS2 nanoflower composites as binder-free lithium-ion battery anodes with high capacity and ultralong-cycle life at large current density

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.11.015

Abstract

Abstract:

The electrode materials with high pseudocapacitance can enhance the rate capability and cycling stability of lithium-ion storage devices. Herein, we fabricated MoS₂ nanoflowers with ultra-large interlayer spacing on N-doped hollow multi- nanochannel carbon nanofibers (F₂-MoS₂/NHMCFs) as freestanding binder-free anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The ultra-large interlayer spacing (0.78∼1.11 nm) of MoS₂ nanoflowers can not only reduce the internal resistance, but also increase accessible active surface area, which ensures the fast Li⁺ intercalation and deintercalation. The NHMCFs with hollow and multi-nanochannel structure can accommodate the large internal strain and volume change during lithiation/delithiation process, it is beneficial to improving the cycling stability of LIBs. Benefiting from the above combined structure merits, the F₂-MoS₂/NHMCFs electrodes deliver a high rate capability 832 mA h g^-1 at 10 A g^-1 and ultralong cycling stability with 99.29 and 91.60 % capacity retention at 10 A g^-1 after 1000 and 2000 cycles, respectively. It is one of the largest capacities and best cycling stability at 10 A g^-1 ever reported to date, indicating the freestanding F₂-MoS₂/NHMCFs electrodes have potential applications in high power density LIBs.

Key words: Carbon nanofibers, Electrospinning, MoS₂, Freestanding, Lithium ion batteries

Xuepeng Ni, Zhe Cui, Ning Jiang, Huifang Chen, Qilin Wu, Anqi Ju, Meifang Zhu. Hollow multi-nanochannel carbon nanofiber/MoS₂ nanoflower composites as binder-free lithium-ion battery anodes with high capacity and ultralong-cycle life at large current density[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 77: 169-177.

Figures/Tables 6

Fig. 1. (a, b and inset) SEM images of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs. (c) TEM image, (d) HRTEM image and (e-h) elemental mapping (C, N, S and Mo) of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs.

Fig. 2. (a) XRD patterns of the NHMCFs, F2-MoS2/NHMCFs, S1-MoS2/NHMCFs and commercial MoS2 and (b) XRD patterns of partial amplification of all the samples. (c) Raman spectra of all the samples. (d and inset) N2 adsorption-desorption isothermal curves and pore-size distribution curves of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs and S1-MoS2/NHMCFs.

Fig. 3. (a) survey spectra of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs and S1-MoS2/NHMCFs. (b) N 1s, (c) S 2p and (d) Mo 3d high-resolution XPS spectra of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs.

Fig. 4. (a) CV curves of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at a scan rate of 0.1 mV s-1. (b) The discharge/charge profiles of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at a current density of 1 A g-1. (c) The cycle performance of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs and S1-MoS2/NHMCFs at a current density of 1 A g-1 and (d) the rate capability of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at various current densities. (e) Stability performance and CE of F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at 5 and 10 A g-1 over 2000 cycles, respectively.

Fig. 5. (a) CV curves of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at different scan rates from 0.2 mV s-1 to 0.8 mV s-1. (b) Current response vs. the scan rate of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at the potentials of peak 1 and peak 2. (c) b values vs. battery potential of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs for anodic and cathodic scans, insert: current vs. scan rate of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at different potentials. (d) Contribution ratios of the capacitive capacity of the F2-MoS2/NHMCFs at different scan rates.

Fig. 6. Scheme 1. Synthesis of the MoS2/NHMCFs composite materials.

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Hollow multi-nanochannel carbon nanofiber/MoS₂ nanoflower composites as binder-free lithium-ion battery anodes with high capacity and ultralong-cycle life at large current density

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