Control of the hydrophobicity of rare earth oxide coatings deposited by solution precursor plasma spray by hydrocarbon adsorption

doi:10.1016/j.jmst.2020.04.044

Abstract

Abstract:

The basis of the hydrophobicity of lanthanide rare earth oxides (REOs) has been the subject of considerable debate. To explore this question, the wetting behaviors and surface compositions of hierarchically-structured Yb₂O₃ (one of the REOs) coatings and non-REO Al₂O₃ coatings deposited via solution precursor plasma spray process were investigated in this work. The Yb₂O₃ coatings were subjected to a number of post-deposition treatments including vacuum (1-15 Pa) treatment, Ar-plasma treatment, heat treatment (400 °C), long-time air exposure and ultra-high vacuum (1 × 10^-7 Pa) treatment. Subsequent characterization showed that different post-deposition treatments resulted in different wetting behavior for the Yb₂O₃ coatings which correlated with the content of hydrocarbon on the surface. Yb₂O₃ coatings exhibited reversible transitions between superhydrophobicity after vacuum treatment and superhydrophilicity after Ar-plasma or heat treatment, linked to hydrocarbon adsorption onto and desorption from the surface. Yb₂O₃ coatings after long-time air exposure and ultra-high vacuum treatment both remained hydrophilic and showed a smaller hydrocarbon content than coatings after vacuum treatment. Al₂O₃ coatings with hierarchical surface structures similar to the Yb₂O₃ coatings showed an increase in WCA to only ～17° after the same vacuum treatment, indicating the REO has a much higher affinity for hydrocarbon adsorption than Al₂O₃, and that the content of hydrocarbon adsorbed on the surface of the REO determined the wetting behavior.

Key words: Rare earth oxide, Hydrophobicity, Solution precursor plasma spray, Post-deposition treatments

Pengyun Xu, Guohui Meng, Larry Pershin, Javad Mostaghimi, Thomas W. Coyle. Control of the hydrophobicity of rare earth oxide coatings deposited by solution precursor plasma spray by hydrocarbon adsorption[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2021, 62: 107-118.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1. Microstructure, phase composition and surface topographies of Yb2O3 coating: (a) cross-sectional microstructure; (b) top surface microstructure; (c) top surface microstructure in high magnification; (d) XRD pattern; (e) topography contour of coated surface; (f) AFM map of topography of a cluster surface.

Fig. 2. Microstructure, phase composition and surface topographies of Al2O3 coating: (a-b) cross-sectional and top surface microstructures; (c) XRD pattern; (d) topography contour of coated surface.

Fig. 3. WCA of coatings after different treatments. The inset shows the images of water droplets on the coated surfaces after different treatments.

Fig. 4. The wetting behaviors of Yb2O3 coating after VAC treatment: (a) static water contact angle; (b) water rolling-off process; (c) self-cleaning process; (d) dynamic water impact on the coating.

Fig. 5. (a) reversible wetting behaviors of Yb2O3 coatings; (b) repeatable transition of wetting behaviors of the coating.

Fig. 6. Survey spectra of the Yb2O3 coatings after different post-deposition treatments.

Fig. 7. Deconvolution of the C1s, O1s and Yb4d peaks of the Yb2O3 coatings after different treatments: (a1-a3) As-sprayed; (b1-b3) VAC1; (c1-c3) Ar-plasma; (d1-d3) VAC2; (e1-e3) AIR; (f1-f3) UHV. The black solid lines are the pristine spectra. The lines designated with A-F are the deconvoluted constituent peaks of C1s, O1s and Yb4d spectra. The yellow dash dot lines are the spectra fitted by the constituent peaks.

Fig. 8. Variations of the surface compositions of the As-sprayed, VAC1, Ar-plasma and VAC2 coatings: (a) the atomic percentage; (b) the atomic ratio. The insets are the WCA images of the coatings.

Fig. 9. Variations of the surface compositions of the As-sprayed, VAC, AIR and UHV coatings: (a) the atomic percentage; (b) the atomic ratio. The insets are the WCA images for the coatings.

Fig. 10. Comparison of surface compositions of the Al2O3 coating and Yb2O3 coating after the VAC treatment: (a) the atomic percentage; (b) the atomic ratio. The insets are the WCA images of the coatings.

Fig. 11. Schematic of possible scenarios for the adsorption of hydrocarbons and water molecules on the coatings in different treatments.

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