J. Mater. Sci. Technol. ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (9): 1869-1876.DOI: doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2019.05.005
• Orginal Article • Previous Articles Next Articles
Wenyin Xuea, Jinhua Zhoub, Yongfeng Shenb*(), Weina Zhanga, Zhenyu Liua*()
Received:
2018-12-06
Revised:
2018-12-29
Accepted:
2019-03-01
Online:
2019-09-20
Published:
2019-07-26
Contact:
Shen Yongfeng,Liu Zhenyu
About author:
1 These authors contributed equally to this work.
Wenyin Xue, Jinhua Zhou, Yongfeng Shen, Weina Zhang, Zhenyu Liu. Micromechanical behavior of a fine-grained China low activation martensitic (CLAM) steel[J]. J. Mater. Sci. Technol., 2019, 35(9): 1869-1876.
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URL: https://www.jmst.org/EN/doi.org/10.1016/j.jmst.2019.05.005
Fig. 1. (a) Metallographic morphology of the as-prepared 0.1Ti-CLAM steel showing that the average grain size is 5 μm. (b) SEM observation indicating numerous precipitates located along the grain boundaries, (c) TEM image showing the nanoscale precipitates embedded in the matrix, and (d) statistical histogram indicating average diameter of the spherical precipitates is 5 nm.
Fig. 3. (a) SEM observation of the morphology and position of 0# 15# nanoindents in the 0.1Ti-CALM steel, and (b) the magnified image of the nanoindents 4#, 5# and 9#. Arrow and break-line indicate the nanoindents and grain boundaries, respectively.
Fig. 4. Loading-displacement curves of nanoindentations for the 0.1Ti-CLAM steel. (a) 0#-7# indenters, (b) 8#-15# indenters, (c) magnification of one segment of the curves in (a), and (d) magnification of one segment of the curves in (b).
No. | hc ± 0.02 nm | Er ± 1 GPa | H ± 0.05 GPa |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 135 | 148 | 3.28 |
1 | 132 | 161 | 3.36 |
2 | 293 | 70 | 0.74 |
3 | 160 | 131 | 2.36 |
4 | 132 | 154 | 3.38 |
5 | 136 | 146 | 3.19 |
6 | 260 | 77 | 0.93 |
7 | 168 | 124 | 2.16 |
8 | 131 | 157 | 3.44 |
9 | 154 | 135 | 2.54 |
10 | 135 | 153 | 3.24 |
11 | 167 | 123 | 2.15 |
12 | 154 | 127 | 2.57 |
13 | 100 | 182 | 4.91 |
14 | 211 | 98 | 1.40 |
15 | 145 | 138 | 2.83 |
Table 1 Relationship among indentation position, contact depth (hc), elastic modulus (Er) and hardness (H) in the 0.1Ti-CLAM steel.
No. | hc ± 0.02 nm | Er ± 1 GPa | H ± 0.05 GPa |
---|---|---|---|
0 | 135 | 148 | 3.28 |
1 | 132 | 161 | 3.36 |
2 | 293 | 70 | 0.74 |
3 | 160 | 131 | 2.36 |
4 | 132 | 154 | 3.38 |
5 | 136 | 146 | 3.19 |
6 | 260 | 77 | 0.93 |
7 | 168 | 124 | 2.16 |
8 | 131 | 157 | 3.44 |
9 | 154 | 135 | 2.54 |
10 | 135 | 153 | 3.24 |
11 | 167 | 123 | 2.15 |
12 | 154 | 127 | 2.57 |
13 | 100 | 182 | 4.91 |
14 | 211 | 98 | 1.40 |
15 | 145 | 138 | 2.83 |
Fig. 6. TEM image showing (a) dense dislocation emitted from the tip of indenter in the deformed 0.1Ti-CLAM steel (indicated by arrow), (b) a square-like precipitate at the path of dislocations slip (indicated by triangle). (c) EDS analysis showing that the precipitate is MX, (d) TEM image showing numerous dislocations in martensite and (e) close observation of the dislocations tangled with nanosized precipitates. (f) The high resolution TEM image revealing that the fine precipitate with a diameter of 6 nm (circled in (e)) is incoherent with the matrix. The corresponding diffractogram obtained by fast Fourier Transform (FFT) patterns for the matrix (g) and nanoparticle (h).
Fig. 7. (a) TEM image showing a square-like and a spherical nanoparticle in the grain and at the boundary. The corresponding EDS results supporting that the precipitates are M23C6, as showing in (b) - (c).
Fig. 8. (a) TEM observation of the MX-type precipitates that pinning dislocations in the 0.1Ti-CALM steel. The short-dotted lines indicate dislocations and the arrows indicate MX precipitates, respectively. (b) A schematic illustration of the Orowan strengthening mechanism.
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